Company Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Company Law - Essay Example This manifest prominently amid the utilization of any assets, opportunity, or information and fails to link to a clash of interest flowing from a transaction or pact with the company or in the events in which the subject has been permitted by the company’s directors (Davies 2012, p.8). Highlighting conflict of interest impacting on the director demands exploring whether the director engaged will obtain a substantial gain from the manifest conflict of interest. Background The decision that the directors’ duties should be codified was accompanied by the debate centring on the â€Å"stakeholder question.† This relates to the question on whose interests that companies should be run (whether the interests of the shareholders, the community, or employees). This debate centred on two approaches: The first school of thought detailed pluralism, which details that the role of the company centres on serving the interests of the multiple interest groups of stakeholders. As s uch, the duties of directors should be broadened to ensure that the directors respond to a broad collection of stakeholders other than shareholders (Lowry 2012, p.2). The second school of thought inclines towards the enlightened model maintaining that the function of the company hinges on generating value for the gain of shareholders while, simultaneously, matching the laid long-term objectives of the company, and associations that the company enjoys with other stakeholders inclusive of suppliers, community, employees, and others (Lacy 2002, p.154). At the height of debate, the Company Law Review settled for the enlightened shareholder approach, which appreciates the premise that it is the interests of the shareholders that should be placed first (Lowry 2012, p.3). The enlightened shareholder approach also recognizes that the company’s possibility for success anchors in maximizing on the relationships that the company enjoys various stakeholders groups. Discussion The orienta tion of the directors’ obligations embodies one of the most critical features prominently highlighted by the Company Law. The statutory scheme recognizes the directors’ roles outlined in C.2, Part 10 of the Company Act 2006. The title of â€Å"director,† in this case, is broadened to embrace shadow directors. The directors are required to conduct their duties as per the provisions detailed in C. 2, Part 10 of the Company Act 2006 to the company, instead of doing so for the shareholders and other stakeholders within the company (Arden 2007, p.162). The roles handed to the directors encompass aspects such as an obligation to act as per the applicable provisions of his/her powers detailed by the company’s constitution; a role to promote the long-term achievement of the company as perceived to be in good faith; an obligation to employ reasonable care, meticulousness, and skill; an obligation to manifest independent judgment; an obligation to evade conflict of interest where it may arise; an obligation not to acknowledge gains flowing from incidences such as secret commissions and bribes; and, an obligation to clarify on the interests amid the transactions (Calder 2008, p.59). Directors’ Duty to Act as per their Powers A company embodies a person and as such, ought to proceed as per the

Managing Health and Safety at Work Act Essay Example for Free

Managing Health and Safety at Work Act Essay Review of health and safety roles and responsibilities Identify 2 pieces of legislation relating to health, safety and welfare relevant to the workplace I have identified, The Health and safety at work act 1974 and Management health and safety at work regulations 1999. The health and safety at work act 1974 is the primary piece of legislation covering all work related health and safety in the UK. It sets out employers responsibilities for your health and safety at work. The Management of health and safety at work regulations make the assessment of risks a cornerstone of UK health and safety requirements. Duties statute law imposes on both the manager and the team and the managers responsibilities contained within the organisations health and safety policy. The most important responsibility as an employee is to take reasonable care of your own health and safety and if possible avoid wearing jewelry and tie hair back when using the machines. To take reasonable care not to put other people , fellow employees and members of the public at risk by what you do or dont do in the course of your work. You should co-operate with your employer, making sure you get proper training and you understand and follow the companys health and safety policies. An employee should never interfere with or misuse anything thats been provided for your health, safety or welfare. It is your duty to report any injuries, strains or illnesses you suffer as a result of doing your job. You should always tell your employer if something happens that might affect your ability to work eg becoming pregnant or suffering an injury. All employers must make the workplace safe and prevent risks to health and ensure that the machinery is safe to use, and that safe working practices are set up and followed. The employer needs to provide adequate first aid facilities and tell you about any potential hazards from the work you do and give you information, instructions, training and supervision as needed. Emergency plans need to be set up in case of emergency. Make sure that ventilation, temperature, lighting, and toilet, washing and rest facilities all meet health, safety and welfare requirements. Check that the right work equipment is provided and is properly used and regularly maintained. Ensure that the right warning signs are provided and looked after.Report certain accidents, injuries, diseases and dangerous occurrences to either the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) or the local authority, depending on the type of business. Explain what is meant by a ‘competent person’ in your workplace A competent person is someone who has sufficient training and experience or knowledge and other qualities that allow them to assist members properly. The level of competence required will depend on the complexity of the situation and the particular help you need. When getting help you should give preference to those in your own organization who have the appropriate level of competence which includes the employer themselves before looking for help from outside. You must consult health and safety representatives in good time on the arrangements for competent help. Identify 2 ways you can provide health and safety information, instruction and training in your team One way you can provide health and safety information is by using leaflets and posters around the work place. You can get these from various sites including: Sector Skills Councils (www.sscalliance.org.uk); UK Commission for Employment and Skills (UKCES)(www.ukces.org.uk); trade unions or trade associations; further education colleges; private training organisations; independent health and safety consultants; employer bodies (eg Chambers of Commerce); and qualification-awarding bodies. To find a course leading to an accredited health and safety qualification look at the Qualifications and Curriculum Authority website www.qca.org.uk/qualifications. Secondly you could offer on the job training or classroom based learning individually or in groups. Computer based or interactive learning is a very fast, accurate and fun way of teaching the employees.

John Sirica and The Ammidown Murder Essay examples -- Law

When I discovered that my English class had to do a Research Paper, I became horrified. I thought students only did this when they were finishing graduate school not when they were starting their first year in college. All I knew about research papers was that there is an overwhelming amount of research to do. In my efforts to complete this obstacle and not bore myself to sleep with researching, I wanted to do an interesting topic, but I had no idea where to begin. I spent hours going through a great number of subjects and people, but once I found topic remotely interesting, I could not find much information on the Library of Congress website. Therefore, I decided to choose one word that would hopefully lead me to an interesting topic. I set my search limits to manuscripts and searched the word murder. There, the first name at the top of the page was Sirica, John . John J. Sirica spent his younger years at Georgetown University studying law. He worked in a small law firm as an attorney, but became active in Republican Party politics. In 1957, President Dwight D. Eisenhower nominated him, as the chief judge for the U.S. District Court for D.C. Being chief judge; Sirica did not use traditional methods in the courts, but instead used his own technique of getting to the bottom of the truth. He played a famous role in the Watergate Scandal and in the murder trial of Robert Louis Ammidown. Finally, I found an interesting topic that was worth sticking with. The court case United States v. Ammidown was fascinating to me, so I immersed myself into finding sources to support my research topic. I was able to find secondary sources on the Montgomery College Catalog and through Google News. The Free Lance-Star pertaining to the case ... ...tp://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1298&dat=19711022&id=GfRNAAAAIBAJ&sjid=14oDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3630,6511498 (accessed April 19, 2012). The police were on a search for Tony Lee who was accused of murder in the death of Linda Ammidown. The Free Lance-Star (Fredericksburg), "Tony Lee Convicted of Murder." May 25, 1972. http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=4NpNAAAAIBAJ&sjid=2YoDAAAAIBAJ&pg=2403,4982008&dq=tony+lee+convicted&hl=en (accessed April 4, 2012). This contains an article on the conviction of Tony Lee by the chief Judge John Sirica. The Free Lance-Star (Fredericksburg), "Two Brothers Charged in Ammidown Murder." March 16, 1972. http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1298&dat=19720316&id=iqlWAAAAIBAJ&sjid=0ucDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7421,2169052 (accessed April 11, 2012). Richard Lee and Ralph Lee were arrested and charged for the murder of Linda Ammidown.

Difference between Nominal GDP and Real GDP

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of a country is the value in the market of all goods and services produced in a certain area or a certain country within a certain period of time (Investopedia. com). It is usually used to measure the size of the country’s economy. However, there are other aspects that should be considered in the measurement of the country’s GDP. This is where the Nominal and Real GDP comes in. The Nominal GDP is gross domestic product in that year’s prices (Investorwords.com).For example, the GDP of 2006 is dependent on the value of the dollar in 2006. It is not affected by other factors like inflation rates and others that would tend to decrease the actual GDP. Nominal GDP on the other hand, may increase due to the increased output of an economy, or when the prices in that economy have also increased. However, Nominal GDP may not be that useful as a gauge of the country’s production, since it is not affected by the actuality of the curren t inflation rates.Because of this, the Real GDP is a much preferred measure. The Real Gross Domestic Product on the other hand, is defined as the number that results from computing all the productive activity within the country depending on that certain year’s prices (FX Words). But when what is being valued is the economic activity of more than one period of time, and then the purchasing power will be computed and compared.Because of this, the effects of the inflation at that year should be removed by maintaining constant prices. This usually lowers the computed GDP value instead of increasing it like the effect in Nominal GDP. It is the nominal GDP stated in the base-year level of price, wherein it is the nominal GDP of a certain year adjusted for inflation. The Real GDP is being expressed as a percentage.

A National Artist

A national artist refers to a person who has been given a high recognition for having made significant contributions towards the development of national arts in regard to music, theatre, literature, film, visual arts and other allied arts.   Italian artists are professional artists who have mastered all the themes of fine arts and are Italians by virtual of either working or living in Italy.Italy is well known for its art and artistic culture.   It has been globally recognised for its numerous monuments such as the Leaning tower of Pisa and the Colosseum in Rome.   Italy is also famous for other fine arts, music, cinema, theatre and other forms of arts.History of the Italian art.The origin of Italian art can be traced many centuries back with major happenings having began in the early 14th century (Feller 85).   Art in Italy has been marked by several eras or periods as they are commonly known this includes:The Roman period.This began immediately after the the end of the Puni c wars which was marked by the invasion of the Greek into the Roman empire.   This era was marked by Hellenistic styles which were common in the Greek civilization.There was cultic and decorative use of sculptures and mosaic pictorial presentations which are still evident from the remains of many temples and villas.   As the Roman period came to an end, more naturalistic and severe styles of art were developed at the centre of the empire and were later spread to the East of Italy and before moving to the Constantinople.Byzantine period.Due to the collapse of the western capital of the Roman empire, Italy stayed under the leadership of Constantinople for close to a thousand years.   During this time, artists in the region were involved in many projects throughout Italy and the Byzantine styles were most dominant in all these projects.   This style extended throughout the 14th century.Gothic period.The Gothic era was marked by various religious disputes and the Franciscans and the Dominicans were struggling to address the controversial issues within the aim of uniting the Roman catholic.During this time, Giovanni and Giotto being the first painters in Italy revolutionised the role of an artist from being a copier of traditional social norms and beliefs to being a creative individual.   These two artists strived towards improving the depiction of the whole artistic figures into more realistic pictures (Gibbons and George 19).By the 19th century, the art of Italy was marked with a lot of resurgence.   Italy's unification which happened in early 1871 had all the local paintings which had been painted decades earlier already expired.   This caused a lot of embarrassment for the Italian artists who had to deal with the lost glory in order to define the national voice of a pre-Garibaldi state which had now been unified from dozens of antipathetic small states.Panaroma period.Garibaldi Panaroma marked a special form of survival period for the public art i n Italy which was prevalent in the 19th century.   During this time, the panaromas were easily found on display on the streets to provide visual and knowledgeable   entertainment.   This were linear paintings which served the purpose of interpreting history and news concerning such great cities such as Rome and Paris (Mohen 78).The panaroma art work which depicted the life of Garibaldi is an example of a panaroma which was used to offer commercial entertainment during this era.   In order to keep up with the current happenings, most of the large panaromas were repainted over time but the small ones were just left to wear out.Recently in 2007, the department of Italian studies offered financial support for the state's national library to digitize the Garibaldi panaroma and make it available all over the world.   Etruscan bronze figures together with the terracotta funerary relief are some if the examples of the Italian traditions which were denounced after the Roman unifica tion.

Washington State University (WSU) Admission Data

Washington State University (WSU) Admission Data Washington State University had an acceptance rate of 80 percent in 2016, and admission is moderately selective. Accepted students tend to have grades and standardized test scores that are average or better. The admission process is largely not holisticdecisions are based mostly on grades, standardized test scores, and the applicants high school curriculum. Adequate grades in core academic subjects are essential. Are you on target for admission to WSU? Calculate your chances of getting in with this free tool from Cappex. Admissions Data (2016) Washington State University Acceptance Rate: 72  percentGPA, SAT and ACT Graph for Washington StateTest Scores: 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 460 / 580SAT Math: 470 / 585What these SAT numbers meanTop Washington colleges SAT comparisonPAC 12 SAT score comparisonACT Composite: 20 / 26ACT English: 19  / 25ACT Math: 19  / 26What these ACT numbers meanTop Washington colleges ACT comparisonPAC 12 ACT score comparison Washington State University Description Washington State University (WSU) in Pullman rests on 620 acres on the eastern side of Washington State, just a few miles from the University of Idaho. The university offers over 200 areas of study, with about 100 majors for undergraduates.  Academics at WSU in Pullman are supported by a 15 to 1  student / faculty ratio, and nearly 80 percent of classes have fewer than 50 students. The university has extensive study abroad offerings through more than 1,500 programs in 86 countries. The universitys strengths in the liberal arts and sciences earned it a chapter of the prestigious ​Phi Beta Kappa  honor society, and its overall strengths earned it a spot on my list of  top Washington colleges. In recent years the university has been building its online offerings, and its online MBA program has earned national accolades. Campus life is active. Washington State is a residential campus with roughly 85 percent of students living on campus. About fifteen percent of students belong to sororities or fraternities. Getting involved is easy with over 300 clubs and organizations to choose from. More than 6,000 WSU undergraduates participate in intramural sports including volleyball, tennis, flag football, golf, climbing, and laser tag. In athletics, the Washington State University Cougars biggest athletic rival is the  University of Washington. Both schools compete in the Division I  Pacific 12 Conference. The university fields six mens and nine womens intercollegiate sports, and WSU has one of the largest athletic centers in the country. Enrollment (2016) Total Enrollment: 30,142  (24,904  undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 48 percent male / 52 percent female87 percent full-time Costs (2016-17) Tuition and Fees: $11,041 (in-state); $25,673 (out-of-state)Books: $960 (why so much?)Room and Board: $11,356Other Expenses: $3,542Total Cost: $26,899 (in-state); $41,531 (out-of-state) Washington State University Financial Aid (2015-16) Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 90  percentPercentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 83  percentLoans: 48  percentAverage Amount of AidGrants: $9,368Loans: $6,999 Academic Programs Most Popular Majors: Business Administration, Communication Studies, Criminal Justice, Education, English, Human Development, Mechanical Engineering, Nursing, Psychology, Social ScienceWhat major is right for you? Sign up to take the free My Careers and Majors Quiz at Cappex. Graduation and Retention Rates First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 79 percent4-Year Graduation Rate: 41  percent6-Year Graduation Rate: 67  percent Intercollegiate Athletic Programs Mens Sports: Football, Golf, Basketball, Baseball, Track and Field, Cross CountryWomens Sports: Swimming, Tennis, Volleyball, Basketball, Track and Field, Golf, Rowing, Soccer If You Like Washington State, You May Also Like These Schools University of Oregon: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphGonzaga University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphBoise State University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Portland: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Washington: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphArizona State University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphWhitworth University: ProfilePortland State University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphStanford University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphOregon State University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphSeattle University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT Graph Washington State Unversity Mission Statement mission statement from the https://strategicplan.wsu.edu/plan/vision-mission-and-values/ Washington State University is a public research university committed to its land-grant heritage and tradition of service to society. Our mission is threefold: To advance knowledge through creative research, innovation, and creativity across a wide range of academic disciplines.To extend knowledge through innovative educational programs in which students and emerging scholars are mentored to realize their highest potential and assume roles of leadership, responsibility, and service to society.To apply knowledge through local and global engagement that will improve quality of life and enhance the economy of the state, nation, and world. Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics

Minimize vs. Reduce

Minimize vs. Reduce Minimize vs. Reduce Minimize vs. Reduce By Maeve Maddox A reader feels there’s a difference between the words minimize and reduce: Writers often use minimize to mean reduce. To minimize something is to reduce it to the smallest amount or degree. To reduce something is simply to make it smaller. He offers two examples of perceived misuse of the word minimize and draws a distinction: This tactic could minimize in-study deaths and, if ineffective, clear the path for more rapid investigation of other interventions. (NY Times).† â€Å"[Y]ou can actually boost your returns while at the same time minimize your risk by incorporating some simple option strategies. (NASDAQ site.)† In each example, the recommendation reduces a negative consequence, but it doesnt necessarily minimize it, because other negative consequences might exist. This may seem like a nuanced distinction, but it makes a degree of difference! My two main dictionaries give these definitions: OED minimize verb: To reduce (especially, something unwanted or unpleasant) to the smallest possible amount, extent, or degree. reduce verb: to make smaller, diminish. Merriam-Webster minimize verb: to reduce to the smallest possible number, degree, or extent. reduce verb: to diminish in size, amount, extent, or number; make smaller. In certain contexts, such as losing weight, lowering a price, or bringing a liquid to a smaller volume, reduce is the only choice. In other contexts, however, minimize and reduce are synonymous. The Oxford American Writer’s Thesaurus lists reduce among synonyms for minimize and minimize among those for reduce. The use of both words is tracked from 1800 on the Ngram Viewer, but minimize is rare until the beginning of the twentieth century. Reduce remains the more common word on the Viewer and in a Google search. Here are some other words and phrases that express degrees of diminishment: bring down contract [kon-TRACT] curtail cut, cut back decrease diminish keep down keep to a minimum lower make smaller narrow prune shrink shorten slim, slim down trim Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Passed vs PastThe Letter "Z" Will Be Removed from the English AlphabetCharles's Pen and Jesus' Name

Application Deadlines for Top Universities and Colleges

Application Deadlines for Top Universities and Colleges For regular admission, youre going to need to have most applications for highly selective colleges done by January 1st. Less selective colleges often have later deadlines, but applying earlier can improve your chances of getting financial aid and ensure that spaces in specific programs havent filled. When Are College Applications Due? Application deadlines vary significantly from college to college. Typically, the countrys most selective colleges and universities have regular admission deadlines between January 1st and January 15th. Be sure to keep track of the specific deadlines for the schools on your application list, for some will be earlier. The University of California system, for example, has a November 30th deadline. Youll find that less selective schools often have later deadlines- in February in many cases, although some schools have rolling admission and  never really close the application process until no more spaces are available. In the tables below, youll find application deadline information and notification dates for top colleges and universities. Youll see that the deadlines are all within a couple weeks of each other, ranging between January 1st and January 15th (be sure to check each schools admissions website for the most up-to-date information, since application deadlines and notification dates can change from year to year). All information below is from the individual schools websites for the 2018–2019 admissions cycle. Application Deadlines for Top Universities College Application Deadline Notification Date Brown January 1 Late March Columbia January 1 Late March Cornell January 2 Early April Dartmouth January 2 On or before April 1 Duke January 2 By April 1 Harvard January 1 Late March Princeton January 1 Late March Stanford January 2 By April 1 University of Pennsylvania January 5 By April 1 Yale January 2 By April 1 Compare ACT scores for the Ivy League Compare SAT scores for the Ivy League Application Deadlines for Top Liberal Arts Colleges College Application Deadline Notification Date Amherst January 1 On or around April 1 Carleton January 15 By April 1 Grinnell January 15 Late March Haverford January 15 Early April Middlebury January 1 March 24 Pomona January 1 By April 1 Swarthmore January 1 By Mid-March Wellesley January 15 Late March Wesleyan January 1 Late March Williams January 1 By April 1 Compare ACT scores for these schools Compare SAT scores for these schools Reasons to Apply to Colleges Ahead of the Deadline Keep in mind that you will be better off applying well before these application deadlines. Admissions offices get swamped in early January. If you submit your application a month or more ahead of the deadline, the admissions officers will be less harried when reviewing your materials.  Also, keep in mind that youll be demonstrating less-than-ideal organizational skills if your application arrives at the last possible minute. Applying well ahead of the deadline demonstrates that you work ahead of deadlines, and it can also help demonstrate your eagerness, something that plays into  demonstrated interest. Also, if you happen to be missing application materials, youll have plenty of time to take care of such issues. When Will You Receive an Admissions Decision? Decisions for regular admission applicants tend to arrive in mid- to late-March. MIT famously releases their admissions decisions on Pi Day, March 14th. At all schools, students need to decide whether or not they will attend by May 1st. This means youll have at least a month to visit the campuses of schools that have admitted you, and even do an overnight visit to make sure the school is a good match for your personal and academic goals. Its also worth noting that top schools often communicate with their top candidates before the March notification date in the form of a likely letter. These letters essentially tell an applicant that they are very likely to receive good news when decisions are released in March.   What about Early Action and Early Decision? Realize that the above deadlines are for regular admission. Deadlines for Early Action and Early Decision are often in the first half of November with decision dates before the new year. If you have a clear top-choice college, applying through Early Action or Early Decision can significantly improve your chances of being admitted. Keep in mind that Early Decision is binding, so you should use this option only if you are 100 percent sure a school is your top choice. Be sure to familiarize yourself with the pros and cons of applying to college early before doing so.

Quantitative tools Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Quantitative tools - Essay Example This clearly shows that these airline staffs are not motivated at their work place. In psychology, motivation is refers to the initiation, direction, intensity and persistence of behavior. It is a temporal and dynamic state that should not be confused with personality or emotion. Motivation is having the encouragement to do something. A motivated person can be reaching for a long-term goal. (Deci and Ryan, 1985) According to Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of human needs theory, the most widely discussed theories of motivation, human beings have wants and desires which influence their behavior and only unsatisfied needs can influence behavior, satisfied needs can not. For this case, the pilot and the flight attendants are avoiding to receive the scheduling office's call to fly on holiday since they are dissatisfied with their job and do not want to be given any duty. Maslow says that people are motivated by hierarchy of needs, which includes money and for this case the airline staff are also raising concern that they are not remunerated properly. In the case of the pilots and the flight attendants, the job needs to be redesign which requires specifying the tasks that make up a job for an individual or group.

Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 53

Essay Example As the president of America, it was the duty of Nixon to justify this war to calm down the sentiments of the people. The major problem addressed in this speech by Nixon was the growing protests against Vietnam War in America which is evident from the following words. I believe that one of the reasons for the deep division about Vietnam is that many Americans have lost confidence in what their Government has told them about our policy. The American people cannot and should not be asked to support a policy which involves the overriding issues of war and peace unless they know the truth about that policy (Nixon). Nixon wanted to eradicate the rumours and controversies spreading about this war among the Americans. Nixon realised that a government in a democratic country needs to work in line with the interests of the people. In other words, in democratic countries like America, the ultimate power lies in the hands of the people since the people elect the government. Nixon used Ethos, Pathos, Logos, and Mythos extensively throughout this speech. Ethos or the character of Nixon is evident from the following words; â€Å"For the United States this first defeat in our nation’s history would result in a collapse of confidence in American leadership not only in Asia but throughout the world† (Nixon). Nixon was not ready to accept defeat in Vietnam. He was of the view that America’s inability to eradicate communism from Vietnam may perceive as a weakness of America by the external world. Pathos is the emotional persuasion. â€Å"After all, we became involved in the war while my predecessor was in office. I could blame the defeat, which would be the result of my action, on him -- and come out as the peacemaker† (Nixon). Nixon was ready to accept the responsibilities of this war which is evident from the words mentioned above. He reminds the public that it was easy for him to spread his image as a peacemaker by staying away

QI strategies in performance measurements Essay

QI strategies in performance measurements - Essay Example The other methodology necessary for integrating QI strategies and performance measures is the use of a framework. The framework should contain various guidelines on how the two above can be integrated effectively and even the dangers involved if the process and guidelines presented are not stipulated. The framework is the most effective and requires less technical expertise. This is however too simple to yield a good integration since some issues are not incorporated. The third methodology is having a combination of different methodologies. Since different methodologies have their own pros and cons when used on their own and may prove ineffective in integrating QI strategies and performance measures, a combination of several methodologies (for example the use of framework and information technology) will ensure that the pros of the methodologies are more than the cons and hence integration will be more successful. The disadvantage of this is that it will take more time for the combin ation to occur and also will require more technical expertise compared to just using a single methodology (Lighter and Fair, 2007). The use of information technology is most effective in the recreational facilities plan. This is because it requires less health care staff hovering around the patients and reminding them of their health conditions. It will also ensure that patients have freedom to enjoy the facilities without constant monitoring and also constantly being taken to their rooms for medication.

Anaheim Mayor Jailed for Drunk Driving and Possession of Cocaine Assignment

Anaheim Mayor Jailed for Drunk Driving and Possession of Cocaine - Assignment Example The car was weaving wildly from lane to lane, nearly colliding with parked vehicles.† The police conducted a traffic stop and administered a sobriety test, and they found that Mayor Hillman exceeded the legal limits for blood alcohol content. Mayor Hillman informed the police that he was Mayor of Anaheim and asked if he could leave. The police rejected his request due to his conditions. They further decided that there was a probable cause for conducting a search. They found two grams of substance, which a field test proved to be cocaine. Apart from cocaine, the police also arrested a female minor with the Mayor on charges of public intoxication. She was released to her parents. Officer Parra declined to comment on the identity of the minor. The Mayor’s spokesman, Ryan Nguyen, replied to these allegations against the Mayor. Nguyen said: â€Å"We’re just sorting through the details. I can tell you that the mayor is willing to face the consequences of his actions, but at this point he is not admitting to any of these criminal charges.† He stressed that people should not make hasty assumptions: â€Å"Remember, in our system of justice everyone is innocent until proven guilty.† When asked about the young woman with the mayor, Nguyen answered: â€Å"Knowing him, I’m sure there’s nothing improper involved with her being in the car. Again, don’t rush to any judgment.†

The History of Women in the Struggle for America's Independence Essay

The History of Women in the Struggle for America's Independence - Essay Example The most unique aspect of the book was the apparent focus of attention on the contributions of the common woman. Berkin provided a brief acknowledgment of famous revolutionary women such as Martha Washington and Abigail Adams.1 She eventually focused on the core contributions of Native American, black and white women. Consequently, the result was a multifaceted gender revolution by American women. Colonial and Revolutionary Role of Women The colonial society associated the role of women with the traditional function of mother and wife. A majority of the colonial women believed that God created them as helpmates to man and nature.2 Furthermore, the woman was taught since childhood to be obedient, industrious, and faithful with the primary function of bearing and taking care of children. These roles were cemented by religious doctrines such as those by the Puritan divine Cotton Mather that taught women to be like an â€Å"Ornament of Zion looking upon (a husband) as her guide.†3 Later, a new ideal of femininity based on â€Å"pretty gentlewoman† shifted from that of â€Å"notable housewife.†4 The â€Å"pretty gentlewoman† was associated with cleanliness as the primary function and was assisted by slaves and maidservants. ... Among the first evidence of women’s activeness was to say â€Å"No† to colonial policies. This involved the denial to consume British merchant goods such as imported tea.6 Furthermore, the patriotic women followed their husbands to war with some assuming the role of â€Å"camp followers.† Their regular duties included cleaning and cooking for the soldiers.7 Moreover, some women such as Deborah Sampson fought as soldiers although in disguise. In addition, the author narrated about Margaret Corbin who provided water for cooling the cannons during combat and equally assisted the disabled husbands. African American women were more concerned with the quest for freedom and liberty. Consequently, they followed the Loyalist army of the British after being promised freedom from slavery. Evidence advanced by the author from the Philipsburg Proclamation stated, â€Å"†¦every negro who shall desert the Rebel Standard will be granted full security to follow within these , Lines, any occupation he shall think proper.†8 The Native American Indian tribes fought for the British since they hoped for independence and land rights.9 Consequently, it was the influential native women leaders such as Nanyehi and Queen Esther Montour that influenced the Indians into fighting for the king. The war placed a heavy price on the values of women involved in the revolution especially the camp followers. Berkin described the pathetic state in which the women lived and dressed. She illustrated the ragged state of their clothing which got worse as the women were forced to wear â€Å"the coats or shirts they removed from dead or dying soldiers.†10 Furthermore, women were given meager wages for their services.

Anaheim Mayor Jailed for Drunk Driving and Possession of Cocaine Assignment

Anaheim Mayor Jailed for Drunk Driving and Possession of Cocaine - Assignment Example The car was weaving wildly from lane to lane, nearly colliding with parked vehicles.† The police conducted a traffic stop and administered a sobriety test, and they found that Mayor Hillman exceeded the legal limits for blood alcohol content. Mayor Hillman informed the police that he was Mayor of Anaheim and asked if he could leave. The police rejected his request due to his conditions. They further decided that there was a probable cause for conducting a search. They found two grams of substance, which a field test proved to be cocaine. Apart from cocaine, the police also arrested a female minor with the Mayor on charges of public intoxication. She was released to her parents. Officer Parra declined to comment on the identity of the minor. The Mayor’s spokesman, Ryan Nguyen, replied to these allegations against the Mayor. Nguyen said: â€Å"We’re just sorting through the details. I can tell you that the mayor is willing to face the consequences of his actions, but at this point he is not admitting to any of these criminal charges.† He stressed that people should not make hasty assumptions: â€Å"Remember, in our system of justice everyone is innocent until proven guilty.† When asked about the young woman with the mayor, Nguyen answered: â€Å"Knowing him, I’m sure there’s nothing improper involved with her being in the car. Again, don’t rush to any judgment.†

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ASSIGNMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ASSIGNMENT - Essay Example Out of various strategies that businesses use for ensuring business success, change itself is a strategy that the business needs to take careful attention in implementing of it, managing it and managing its resistance as well. First part of this piece of research paper presents a brief discussion on organizational success and analyzes how Cadbury’s organizational structure will have to change especially in relation to Mintzberg’s theory of organizational structure. Second part of the paper discusses strategic change and how effectively it can be implemented and managed in Cadbury. Organizing for Success Organizational strategy and organizational structure are closely interrelated. Organizational strategy refers to a special way that the organization positions itself in relation to its stakeholders, given the organization’s resources, capabilities and mission etc (Stonehouse, Campbell, 2004, p. 354). Strategic choices of a firm influences the structure and design of the organization as well. As argued by Alfred Chandler, the structure follows the strategy mainly because the decision maker in a firm develops managerial and growth strategies that become the basis for designing the structure of the organization (Stonehouse, Campbell, 2004, p. 354). ... The strategy being implemented influences the structure and design of the firm. For instance, if a firm implements customer focus strategy or customer relationship strategy, it will have to focus on delivering greater values to customers by concentrating on value propositions and the whole organization attempts to gain attractions from the customers. Strategy thus affects organization’s structure. Though there are various approaches to organizational structure, Mintzberg’s theory of organizational structure seems to have gained considerable attention in recent years as many researchers have widely studied its significance in organizational behaviour. According to his theory, there are two basic approaches to the formation of organizational structure, they are contingency approach and configuration approach (Stonehouse, Campbell, 2004, p. 364). Contingency approach has been described as a structure that the organization depends largely on various factors like the nature of its business, nature of its strategy, its size, geographical span of its activities, its age and history etc. according to Mintzberg’s view, it is better for an organization to base its structure on configuration approach rather than basing on contingency approach because factors like span of control, need for formalization, centralization or decentralization etc are to be logically configured in to internal consistent groups (Stonehouse and Campbell, 2004, p. 364). Contingency approach and configuration approach are considered to be the main determinants of organizational structure according to Mintzberg’s theory. According to Mintzberg’s organizational structure theory, an existing organization will be fit in

Organizational Outputs Essay Example for Free

Organizational Outputs Essay In reviewing the article in reference to the Nadler-Tushman Congruence Model. Another quote from the article, struck me very strongly in regards to the observed organization; The bigger the gap between the formal and informal systems within the organization, the less effective the organization is. This is from the Weisbords Six Box Model and this aspect is quite apparent in the organization observed. A negative output is one of the things that should be avoided, especially regarding consumers. An agreed statistic within many business marketing modules that a dissatisfied consumer will often tell more people than a satisfied consumer. A frustrating fact, however true. Outputs are those products which are dispensed from the organization. These can include product, as already mentioned, the way consumers are treated is another factor. Outputs also include, how the organization interacts with the environment. Technically an output is any factor that the organization puts out whether through marketing, whether intentionally or unintentionally. Consumer Satisfaction There is an old saying, You cant please people all of the time. In an organization where the internal culture is to never say no. Because, we have also heard the saying, The customer is always right. An automatic conflict is built between consumer and employee. Someone, is usually wrong. And if a person is doing their job as required under organizational policy, the possibility of pleasing all of the people all of the time becomes quite low. However, in an organization pleasing every person is a near impossibility. In fact, I believe, it was Menecke who said, I dont know the sure way to success. I do know the sure way to failure, trying to please everyone all the time. Certainly a risk every organization takes is how to tell the consumer, no, while keeping that person as a consumer. Somewhat of a conundrum, as no one likes to hear the word no. This is where the earlier quote from Weisfords Six Box Model caught my particular attention. Faulty policy or the failure of an organization to uphold its own policy, creates extreme difficulties for personnel. In the organization observed, a policy would be set forth, such as a limit to the type or number of courses a student could take in an eight week period. Personnel, following policy and even double checking policy with the Director would refuse the student as directed under policy. The stated policy would then be, completely undermined if the student decided to complain. In most cases, if not all, the student was allowed the exception to having policy overturned. When a situation such as this occurs on a recurring basis, morale is severely weakened. Personnel are not trusted to do their jobs with integrity. As well as the fact, that when policy is regularly undermined, what then becomes the point of attempting to enforce any type of policy. Worse, the employee begins to give up altogether in performing their tasks with any independence. As the result is and has been personnel are wrong and can be completely overridden. The result is an organization without compass. And ultimately, in this organizational situation, it is the consumers that are hurt the worst. Personnel become surly and unwilling to help. After all, how can personnel be perceived as being helpful when every decision, no matter how small can be overturned? The situation becomes unbearable, and any attempt at creating consumer loyalty is lost. Policy should serve as that mechanism to provide the means toward providing consumer needs. When that attempt to follow policy is constantly undermined, the result, undoubtedly is weak, powerless leadership and an unwilling personnel to follow any policy that is developed. Personnel should be one of the most enthusiastic ambassadors to the community when representing the organization. The odd thing about serving the organization in this way, is that a certain pride should be taken in the work one does. A continuous undermining of the personnels ability to do the job one has been hired to accomplish. This type of output creates a hostile atmosphere, distrust is built and maintained through this constant turmoil between management, personnel and consumers. Summary Only one type of output has been mentioned in this report. The reason being that personnel are crucial to the way consumers and the public perceive the function ability of an organization. A dissatisfied representative or employee becomes complacent and extremely unwilling to attempt new devices for serving the consumer. Much less becoming innovative in the process. Frustrating employees to the point of powerlessness, is not a recommended means toward the success of an organization. Another reason, I believe in the importance of personnel and their ability is that most organizations neglect the fact that a sound, successful organization is built on the competence of employees. Yet, this seems to have become the accepted methodology among many organizations, especially older organizations. A basic principle is that personnel are the most valuable investment an organization can make. Personnel, especially those in the front line are those that have the ability to positively affect a second most important resource, consumers.

The History Of Nike Inc Footwear Marketing Essay

The History Of Nike Inc Footwear Marketing Essay Nike Inc., develops and designs footwear, sportswear, apparels and equipment. They make the availability of goods in Nike stores, franchisee stores and online through the website www.nikestore.com . They organize, supports and sponsors main sports around the world as they think sports is the main key for being healthy and they also sponsors high profile athletes so that the people can follow their icons. Nike has a trademark logo Just Do It. Recently, many countries faced recession followed by sharp increase of inflation. Graph 1: Inflation Rate Graph (2002-2012). (Source www.usinflationcalculator.com) Inflation defined as a persistent increase in the level of consumer prices or a persistent decline in the purchasing power of money. In other words, the inflation tells the effect on the people life financially. When they see prices in stores going up they call it inflation. Price inflation is a result of monetary inflation. http://thefaintofheart.files.wordpress.com/2012/09/metamorphosis_11.png Graph 2: Inflation rate graph for Nike. As per the data collected from Indonesian Plant, the Nike shoes Cost $20.00 to the company, $35.00 to retailer and $70.00 to the consumer. The breakdown can be found in the table below. Production labor Materials Rent, equipment Suppliers operating profit Duties Shipping Cost to Nike $2.75 $9.00 $3.00 $1.75 $3.00 $0.50 $20.00 Research and development Promotion and advertising Sales, distribution, admin. Nikes operating profit Cost to retailer $0.25 $4.00 $5.00 $6.23 $35.00 Retailers rent Personnel Other Retailers operating profit Cost to consumer $9.00 $9.50 $7.00 $9.00 $70.00 (Including VAT) Table 1: Nike shoes cost breakdown. (Source http://www-personal.umich.edu/~lormand/poli/nike/nike101-8.htm ) Nike spend approx 12% of revenue on marketing every year that includes advertisement, endorsement fee that it pays to sports league and Team. A) Due to inflation there is less demand of the Product and to overcome the company has different strategies to reduce the cost of the production. As the company has a full time employee so the company will have a fixed cost which they need to give to the employee. Instead of fixed employee they can shift to part time employee and thus reducing the cost. They can also outsource their production to a country with low labor cost. They can also lower their material cost by using cheap materials like polyurethane instead of rubber for the shoe sole. The Company also needs to look into the factors like Fixed and Variable Cost. Fixed Cost basically a minimum quantity of inputs required by the firm to be in a business at all whether or not output is produced and Variable Cost by (Begg, 9th Edition) The Cost of hiring Variables inputs, typically labor and raw materials. If the Fixed cost is more than the variable cost than there would be low level of production but if variable cost is higher than fixed cost than the production of the company increases. Q TFC TVC TC AFC AVC AC MC 0 60 0 60 1 60 10 70 60 10 70 10 2 60 20 80 30 10 40 10 3 60 30 90 20 10 30 10 4 60 40 100 15 10 25 10 5 60 50 110 12 10 22 10 6 60 60 120 10 10 20 10 Table 3: Table for Marginal Cost. By the above chart we can see that MC Graph 3: Graph for TFC and TVC. B) Nike is a globally recognized brand which produces accessories, apparels and shoes for majorly sports and fashion. Nike introduced customization of shoes and focused on each and every group age. The brand already attached to many renowned sports personality like Michael Jordan, Lance Armstrong, Roger Federer and Tiger Woods. The brand had focused on every sport around the world. Income elasticity of demand (IED) examines how the quantity demanded responds to a change in consumer incomes. IED can be calculated as, IED = (% Change in Quantity Demanded) / (% Change in Income), Consider that the original and new income of my product is $100, $200 and Original and new demand is 25, 50 units respectively. IED = ((50 25) / 25) * ((200 100) / 100), = 1 Here we can see that IED is equal to 1 thus it is a normal good and income inelastic. The price elasticity of demand (PED) measures the responsiveness of quantity demanded to changes in the price of the good or service. The PED can be calculated as PED = (% Change in Quantity Demanded) / (% Change in Price), For example we can assume the price of shoe rose from $100 to $200, resulting in demand rising from 50 to 55 units. PED = ((55 50) / 50) / ((200 100) / 100), = 0.1 Here PED The Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand (CPED) measures the rate of response of quantity demanded of one good, due to a price change of another good. The CPED can be calculated as CPED = (% Change in Quantity Demand for X) / (% Change in Price for Good Y), If CPED > 0 then they are substitute goods. If CPED =0 then they are independent goods. If CPED (http://economics.about.com/) Nike substitute good is Adidas and they are horizontally integrated. Nike decides to increase the price of Adidas shoes. If the cost of Adidas shoes increases then there would be decrease in the demand of the Adidas shoes and the demand of the Nike shoes will increase as it will cheaper then Adidas. C) Market structure of Nike is that it should be available for every age groups and it will maintain a leading position to its competitors. Nike will make it sure that the goods are available at all stores around the world and it will make sure that it will fulfill the change in demand of the customers. They will also make sure that the quality products are reached to the customers at cheap costs. The main competitors of Nike are Reebok, Adidas and Puma. Reebok http://www.buyerden.com/media/text_img/Reebok_Logo.gif: Reebok main strategy is that to change the peoples mindset about the word fitness and to bring fitness around the world and they want to declare themselves as the world fittest company. They target is to invest more in marketing strategy rather than the infrastructure. Adidas http://preview.thenewsmarket.com/Previews/ADID/StillAssets/197410.jpg: Adidas focuses on marketing its products as they think that products are a selling goods. They spent huge amount of its revenue on marketing their product. They hire famous designers for the designing of the shoes. Puma http://www.roanokestar.com/imgs/home/puma%20logo.gif: Puma targets female group and female dominant region. They fulfill the demand of the customers on the perception of customers image rather than their needs. They also target middle-upper class group through there advertisement and it reflect it on there marketing strategy. Nike has different strategies with respect to his competitors The mission is to provide availability of products at every marketable place and exceed from all leading athletic companies. The company targets to be in a lead by providing quality products and innovative designs for all age groups. The Company guarantees the availability of every kind of products at all leading market and stores. To meet the changing demands of customers. Value the stakeholders, laborers and other communities in the executing of every strategy and decision. The company focuses on providing quality products on low prices to have bigger share in the market. (http://marketingmixx.com/) Graph 5: Profit prediction after the strategy. D) Nike segments its market according to demographic location as they wants their products to be available at every corner of the world as they treat every customers as equal. Nike make sure that the availbility of products for every age groups. They focuses on the sports as they think that sports make the people live their life in the healthy manner. Nike main product is Footwear and they try to innovate and designs their footwear according to sports and age groups. Nike make it sure that the products are available at every market place so that the customer can go and a grasp on a quality Footwear. They also target to provide their footwear with low cost in the country were the economy is low. The company will focus on different pricing strategies to attract customers. Nike will target on marketing through advertisement like television featuring high profile athletes using our product etc. There will be offers for every customer like buying a product will get discount in their next purchase. There will be loyalty cards where the customers can convert their buy into redeemable points. Special offers will be available for students like they can get extra discount into the existing discount if they show there student Identity card. E) Nike focuses on vertical integration to produce their products. The main parts of Nike footwear are upper (top of the shoes), midsole (the cushion of the shoes) and the outsole (lower sole). Nike outsource to different company to build these segments which led to low build cost. The company focuses on both local and global markets. Nike has earned its maximum of its revenue from North America, followed by Europe and a small share from countries like China and Japan. They are now targeting markets like South America, Russia, India and Pakistan for more revenue as there is a gradual rise in the economy of these countries. Due to inflation, there are fewer sales of products and therefore there is low output. Nike has suffered a lot due to that. Due to inflation there is a increase in the cost of material and the transportation of Nike. To Overcome Nike has decided that they will try to increase their product price and decrease their marketing budget. If the company is new to a particular country there is a lot of help provided by the government of the country like the government may exempt the taxes until unless they start making the profits. F) To overcome the foreign exchange losses, the company will invest in a country where currency is cheap. To do so the company needs to look into the big picture of the world economy like investing in the countries like Qatar, China, Argentina, Srilanka, India, Iraq etc as their Gross Domestic Product(GDP) are growing gradually. The gradual growing GDP of these countries ensures that their economy is stable and there are opportunities for the company to invest in these countries. If companies invest in countries like India they will have cheap labor, cheap raw materials as maximum of raw materials are exported from Asian countries, cost of production will go down means increase in profits.

The Misfit in Flannery OConnors A Good Man Is Hard to Find Essay exam

The Misfit in Flannery O'Connor's A Good Man Is Hard to Find I feel that the Grandmother in the story 'A Good Man is Hard to Find' suffers from psychological conditions. She does not care at all about anyone but herself. I feel that she may even be narcissistic. It is ironic because she would be expected to look out for her family. The Cambridge Dictionary defines narcissism as 'too much interest in and admiration for your own physical appearance and/or your own abilities' It is ironic because she would be expected to look out for her family, however in reality she only really looks out for herself. She shows how self centered she really is many times throughout the story. She displays a complete lack of regard for what anyone else wants to do. All she cares about at first is what ...

Campbell and Bailyn’s Boston Office Essay

Executive summary: This case was about issues that Ken Winston, the regional office manager Campbell and Bailyn’s Boston Office faced with as a result of the two recent changes in organizational structure and performance management system to react to the dynamic of the industry and market. The issues created by these two changes were process complication, limitation in competitive advantages, and discouragement on internal collaboration. We recommend Winston to engage KAT and sales specialist team, define measureable goals to each individual, set up one common organizational goal and make it as part of the performance assessment and hold more company events to encourage collaboration and relationship. With this solution, Winston will be able to ease the process, build stronger sales team, maintain market share, gain sales, maintain profit and create good and healthy working environment within the organization. 1. Situation analysis Campbell and Bailyn (C & B), found in the early 1900s and based in New York, was one of the five largest investment bank in the worlds. The firm has good reputation and was doing well in all segments of the investment banking industry. Within the firm, the bond division, which had been the fastest growing unit, had eight regional sales offices around the world. After New York, the Boston office was the largest. Due to the size and the revenue volume, Boston sales group was often used as a bellwether not only for new products but also for management ideas. Ken Winston, the office head, had a long history and profound experience in bond sales, was appointed in 2003 to be the Boston regional manager with the belief by the senior manager to be the supporter and coach to build and grow the local sales team. During the past 10 years, the banking industry changed dramatically. More players came. More products were created to cope with different demands in the market place. It was harder to sell to maintain volume. It was required more bandwidth and better understanding on a more complicated debt instrument to survive. In addition, margin was shrunk due to entrance of low-service, low-price brokers. For those higher-margin products, it was required deep  knowledge and expertise to market and make the sale. In early 2007, the financial crisis and the meltdown in the mortgage-backed securities market directly impacted to the sales force in the C & B and Boston office. Winston had to make two strategic changes in order to maintain the sales growth and operate more effectively. The first move was to create the â€Å"key account team† KAT. Legacy, the five generalists in the taxable bond division sold the entire product line and managed their own list of customers. Winston had combined these generalists and assigned each of them to a specialty sub-segment of the firm’s product offerings. The goal was to enhance the sales team expertise on product details and focus each individual on just one area with in-depth knowledge. Changing from maintaining their sales on customer wise to product wise, they shared their customers, for the first time. For the past several months, there are certain number of customers enjoyed this new change as they see the new sales team more invaluable. Yet there were customers unhappy and perceived it as more complication. Also, some sales people found it complicated themselves on those large and multiproduct trades given the number of people that needed to be involved. Another bigger concern of Winston was the limitation on the natural salesmanship of his people due to this specialization. The second change was to implement new performance management system, called â€Å"multisource† appraisal. The performance review was no longer the combination of sales volume and own manager assessments. It was then a mixture of several factors which included peer review and feedback from traders, product manager, researchers, sales, profits and manager observations. This change aimed to better the collaborations between regional sales force and cross functional teams as well as encourage the sales team to improve gross margin and profit. After the several months of change, there was an up-tick in profit margin. However, there was a risk of losing sales volume with gross margin focus. Besides, the sales team expressed their frustration. They recognized the potential of being scrutinized by other functions as part of their performance management review Below was the Boston office structure before and after the change Before After 2. Problem Diagnosis: Preparing for the annual year-end meeting, Winston had to present on these  new two changes. Observing customer reactions, hearing comments directly from his sales team, he knew clearly the strength and weakness of the new changes. The new KAT team formation did provide value to some customer, yet, it created confusion, more work and complication at both customer end and C & B sales team end. Customer had to deal with multi people instead of a single contact point. More people were required to be involved in large deal. More calls and meeting were needed. The decision of introducing the KAT team had missed the engagement and input from the specialist team who were experts on specialty product. Fair process believed engagement not only communicated management’s respect for individual and their ideas but also encouraged refutation sharpened everyone’s thinking and built collective wisdom (6). There were lack of collaborations and a smooth process within the organization . In addition, the sales team spent more time in house to figure out the new process and fulfill its requirements rather than spent time to meet and entertain customers which was used to be key part of their job and potential source of generating more deals and sales. They lost their connection with customer. Callahan, who was appointed as the nominal head of KAT team, received comments from one of his major accounts, Ashland Capital, expressed the concern on the reducing engaging between the sales and customer since the change was in place. Moreover, the fact that each individual was given a specialty limited his/her natural salesmanship. This specialization might also lead to a siloed organization structure which was definitely not the strategy. Michael Goold and Andrew Campbell stated that in formulating a strategy and organizational design, a company had to address two factors which were identifying the right market and defining the right methodology to gain the an advantage over competitors in those market (6). Many companies ended up with impeding the market strategy rather than furthering it while doing the organizational design changes. One of the failures was to create divisions among units that make it difficult to operate and increase competitive advantages (6). As the members of the KAT team could not sell other product lines outside their assigned specialty, it was difficult for them to expand their customer base. This was not helpful to compete with other competitors. With new compensation system, the organization faced the risk of losing volume sales as well as creating an inner warfare among the team me mbers and unhealthy working environment  between cross functional teams. Since the performance was based on profit, the sales team would rather choose to close a small deal with high gross margin rather than large deal with moderate margin. Peer feedback was part of the review narrowed the information sharing between coworkers. People were more conservative. This failed the purpose of bridging the knowledge gap between sales and product. Besides, since inside relationship and performance were then important, the sales people cared less about their clients and ignore the element of customer service that was a prior differentiator. The new KAT team and performance management system created process complication for both customer and sales people, risk of losing sales volume, risk of losing competitive advantages, and failure to foster the sales team expertise and build an effective operation process within the organization. These issues had to be fixed in order to win customer satisfaction, gain market share and build a well-organized and well-functional org anization. 3. Alternative solutions Solution #1: Merge key account team and specialist team Team up KAT and specialist into one small team. Move sales specialist from specialist team to be pair with each KAT member to create team for product specialization. Table below shows the new suggested structure. Pros: This combination will create more energy and synergy for each specialty sub segments product. KAT team will receive additional supports from sales specialist especially specialist can provide insight in term of how to handle deal from product specialization perspective. It also allows sales KAT team to have more time and bandwidth to target new customer and maintain relationship with key customer accounts. Sales specialist will have an opportunity to deal with bigger accounts which helps them to better their account managing skill and build relationship with major customers. Cons: Changes after changes will create more confusion to both customer and internal team. KAT member and sales specialist will need to spend a lot of time together in order to understand both side and become team. This change requires an absolute support and alignment between the two teams which is  hard to guarantee. Just like every merger, it may run into the risk of having resistance from inside. Sales specialist may not be willing to provide support to KAT because it creates more work for them. They will have to spend time and effort to learn about the new major accounts. If this change does not come with clear direction and well-defined implementation plan, it may make the situation worse. Solution #2: Add more resource to KAT and increase engagement from both team and customer Hire more people to provide the team more support and help. One sub segment product can have one main specialist and one helper. Implement regular inspection and feedback sessions from both the team and majo r clients. Pros: With the helper, the main KAT specialist like Callahan, Jenifer, and John can spend more time on customer relationship building and find new customers. Regular feedback within internal team and from customer side will ensure smooth process and customer satisfaction Cons: Hard to find the right bond sales people. At that time of the economics, it was difficult to recruit bond sales people. This type of job required very unique skill set and characteristics. Candidates had to be outgoing, extremely self-motivated and street smart. Take time for new members to learn and adopt the new environment. It would be a while before these new people, if they can be found, can be on board and helpful. This is not a good timing as these issues need be immediately addressed Solution #3: Multi approaches Engage specialist to support KAT member in term of process. Improve the performance management system by defining more measurable goals for each individual. Add one common team goal to encourage collaboration and information sharing. Hold more internal events to build the teamwork environment and bridge the gap of internal relationship. Pros With the help of sales specialist, KAT member can reduce some time on the process and administrative work to spend time on building relationships with their clients above and beyond the details of the job. Measurable goals for each individual will reduce the risk of inner warfare. Weigh the sales  volume and sales profit equally will boost the sales volume again. Common team goal will present the threat of sales member keep information for herself/himself because he/she is afraid of others will take the chance and perform better. If 20% of the compensation will be depended on the whole organization financial performance, the sales people will help each other, sharing information and customer relationship so that they can all earn this metric. This is a great methodology to inspire people to contribute to one common goal. Additional internal events such as summer outing, weekend retreat, team informal get together help to bring people together. They can talk, share and reduce the re sistance between employee when it comes to time of asking for help or support from each other. Cons Challenge of getting support from sales specialist. They can refuse due to lack of bandwidth. This may very well happen because supporting KAT is not one of their performance metrics. Winston will need to work very closely with his team on defining those measureable goals in order to prevent confusion. Employee needs to understand clearly the details of their goals, the benefit on achieving them and how to get there. Additional events add cost to expense. If the employee can not get the benefit from them, it is just wasting time, money and efforts. 4. Recommended solution: Solution #3: Multi approaches This solution is a combination of several approaches to tackle those different issues caused by the new two changes. Support from sales specialist will better the business process and ease the workload for both KAT and customer. Loss of sales volume and inner warfare are addressed by defined measurable goals. Setting one common goal as part of individual performance metrics establishes win-win situation. It builds the connection among all sales people and prevents the risk of loss sales due to self-performance competition. In addition, this step will solve the issue of limitation on salesmanship when converting to sell on specialization. The sales people can still discuss and work with customer on other product line and then pass the opportunity on to the right person. Again, one member win also means the whole team wins. Winston needs to work closely with both KAT and sales specialist team to ensure the willingness to support from the  sales specialist team. He needs to make sure both side can see the benefit and agree on the future path. Individual goals for each member have to be a compromised. Each of employees needs to agree on goals set up for them. Winston also needs to communicate clearly on the goal and approach. There should be also an action plan for each member set up between Winston and each team member clearly defined how and what to reach the goals. The important factors of this change are good decision making on what needs to be done and good implementation plan on how to get it done. Paul Rogers and Marcia stated that decisions that drive the business execution are as crucial as strategic decisions (8). Making sure the organization operates effectively is as important as wining more customers and beating competitors. How organization is run will determine how many sales it can get and how well it can sustain and grow. Lastly, company events are best practice, create family-like working environments and foster the company culture. According to Rob Goffee and Garet Jones, some of the best ways to increase sociability within organization are to hold employee gatherings inside and outside office (147). It is important to make sure these events enjoyable so that they can create own positiv e, self-reinforcing dynamic. 5. Implementation plan Hold meeting to communicate the new plan to whole bond sales division. There will need to be a formal meeting to announce the plan, as well as communicate what employee may expect from the manager and what manager will expect from the employee Schedule individual meeting with each of KAT team member to set up measurable individual goals Set up the common company goal and formally announce it the whole team After the first meeting, schedule one on one meeting to follow up. One on one meeting is very important since it keep the connection between manager and employee. Also, it keep track with employee status and also provide chance for both to raise and hear feedback from each other Identify event calendar and publicly communicate. Determine major company event days such as summer outing, end of year party, etc†¦ and put it up as company calendar. Preference: 1. Michael Goold and Andrew Campbell Blenko. Do you have a well-designed organization. March 2002. Boston MA: Harvard Business School Publishing 2. Cham Kim, W and Mauborgne, (2003) Fair process. Harvard Business Review 3. Paul Rogers and Marcia Blenko (2006). Who has the â€Å"D†, January 2006. Boston MA: Harvard Business Review 4. Rob Goffee and Garet Jones (1996). What holds the modern company together. Harvard Business Review

Belonging – the Simple Gift’ by Steven Herrick and Ort – the Ugly Duckling’ by Hans Christian Anderson

To belong is to fit in, or to be rightly placed in a specified position or environment. The idea of belonging is a dynamic and an essential aspect of human life which can come through, due to the connections made with the concepts of identity, place, relationships, acceptance and understanding to oneself and other people. These aspects of belonging are demonstrated through the free verse novel, ‘The Simple Gift’ by Steven Herrick, and the fairy tale of ‘The Ugly Duckling’ by Hans Christian Anderson. In the very early stages of ‘The simple gift', Herrick displays sixteen year old, Billy Luckett’s, sense of alienation by using his first person character to highlight social issues such as hostility within his family, leading it to break down, and his feeling of loneliness and worthlessness of identity. This is conveyed in the poem ‘Long lands Road’, where billy’s internal conflict is shown through his un-satisfaction of his original community in which he lived in and was a part of, leaving him disappointed and also a sense of embarrassment towards his identity. He states this clearly with the words, ‘My Street. My Suburb. ’, showing terms of ownership of the place in which his identity currently belongs too, but does not like, giving us a sense of in closure and displacement. This continues as he describes his street, as he throws rocks on the roof â€Å"of each deadbeat no-hoper shithole lonely downtrodden house in Long lands Road, Nowheresville†. The use of colloquialism of Billy’s vulgar language, further demonstrates Billy’s displacement, dislike and disappointment towards long lands road, symbolising a decaying and depressing environment. Billy then ends up taking control of himself and moving out of home. Billy then finds himself on a freight train, in search of a new place to go to, to try and gather a feeling of belonging. After travelling â€Å"two kilometres down the track†, he finds himself freezing cold. The harshness of the cold on the train indicates billy's insecurity about belonging and this indicates that Billy desires to feel warm and needed instead of cold and isolated. He then encounters the train driver, Ernie. Ernie see’s billy and has a conversation with him. He tells him to â€Å"make a cuppa if you want, and here’s some sandwiches, too much salad for my liking†¦ Keep warm; I’ve got a train to drive. † This making Billy feeling accepted and belonging, and being made feel at home by Ernie and a sense of warmth. Herrick has used juxtaposition to demonstrate how Billy has gone from being cold, to feeling a sense of warmth that he is now being comforted with Ernie to the town of Bendarat. Herrick also creates a contrast between billy’s dad and Ernie, â€Å"There are men like Ernie and there are other men, men like my dad. emphasizing Billy’s like for Ernie’s character, as Ernie makes Billy feel like he belongs. In the chapter of ‘Locks and Keys’ Old Bill gives the keys to the old home to Billy and Caitlin. This scene symbolises Old Bill giving over ‘the simple gift’ to Billy. It also gives Billy the feeling of being accepted by Old Bill and belonging. He also learns no t only to understand himself but to also understand Old Bill and Caitlin. Billy also understands how to identify his identity and sense of placement by realising â€Å"I can decide what I really want to do here in Bendarat†. In the last chapter, Denouements have been made, and loose ends have been tied up, where the relationships between Caitlin and Old bill are now stronger and reconnected. The relationship is symbolised through the motif of Old Bill and Bill sharing the Weet-Bix for breakfast. The words â€Å"and I looked up into the sky, the deep blue sky that Old Bill and I shared†, demonstrate that belonging can go far, and the relationship between Old bill and Billy can grow together stronger, as well as the identities of both characters are enabled to grow further, to enrich the self-worth, self-esteem and self-growth of the individuals. Similarly, In ‘The Ugly Duckling’, when the last duckling was hatched, the other ducks took a look at him and stereotyped and judged the duckling, â€Å"It is very large and not at all like the others. I wonder if it really is a turkey†. The duckling was left out of society, with the same sense of loneliness and displacement, because it was not the same as the rest of society. The mother duckling then took her ducklings down to the moat, to prove that the ugly duckling was a normal duckling. Despite all the judgment of the others, the mother took pride of her son, â€Å"see how nicely he uses his legs, and how straight he holds himself. The mother then tried to include her son into the community, â€Å"I’ll lead you out into the world and introduce you to the duck yard. † But there too, the duckling got mocked and taunted, â€Å"what and ugly looking fellow, He’s too big and strange†, lowering the ducklings self-esteem and self-worthiness. And again the mother stuck up for her son, â€Å"let him alone, He isn’t doing any harm. † The ugly duckling that, â€Å"looked so ugly was pecked and pushed about and made fun of†. Anderson has created a sense of sympathy from the audience from using emotive anguage and alliteration. It got so bad, that the ugly duckling got â€Å"chased and buffeted† by everyone including his brothers, sisters and even his own mother. He was â€Å"nipped†, â€Å"pecked†, and â€Å"kicked by the girl who fed him†. â€Å"So he ran away; and flew over the fence. † The use of action verbs create the scene of the duckling being a defenceless creature being forced to flee, as a result of the social rejection on all fronts. Similarly to Billy, as he left home as he was abused by his drunken father as well. After running through a great hunt, the ugly duckling had encountered a flock of birds that appeared out of the reeds. â€Å"The duckling had never seen birds so beautiful. They were dazzling white with long graceful necks. They were swans. They uttered a very strange cry as they unfurled their magnificent wings to fly from this cold land, away to warmer countries and to open waters† The use of bucolic language used by the composer to describe the swans triggers us to gain an insight of how much love the ugly duckling has for the creatures. Like the change in temperature Billy experiences on the train, the magnificent birds fly from the cold land that the ugly duckling is stuck on as it experiences unacceptance by others and not being able to belong in society, as the swans move into a more accepted, belonging environment together. He then had to go through â€Å"the hardships and wretchedness† of the cruel winter, to make it into the â€Å"beautiful springtime†. He swept through the air much strongly than before. He flew over the water and re encountered the â€Å"splendid swans†. Bowing his head, thinking he would be attacked and killed, seeing his mirrored self. And was â€Å"no longer the reflection of a clumsy, dirty, grey bird, ugly and offensive. He himself was a swan! † The composer has shown us that after all the hardships the ugly duckling had endured that, he finally found where he belonged. It was a place of acceptance amongst the other swans. After a life time of torcher and alienation he could be happy, because he belonged where he was loved. Belonging is not a set list that must include a connection to people, places, objects and to the wider world, but everyone’s idea of belonging is different but it involves a deeper emotional sense of fulfilment and connection made with yourself, the relationships you have, and with the wider world, but this is different for each person depending on their needs and life experiences, thus forming the foundation of an individual’s self-image, self-worthiness, self-esteem and self-growth.

How Technology Has Changed Our Lives Essay

Even though it seems like technology has reached its limits and will stop changing, it’s still improving and will probably stop improving itself. Just twenty years ago, personal computers became small and affordable enough for families to buy and use them at home. Since then, technology has shown no signs of stopping or even slowing down. These days, it seems hard to imagine the original size of computers. Over just a few years, they have become smaller, and much thinner, and even more powerful and faster than ever before. When computers were first invented and started being used, Technology advancements have changed our lives almost completely, but not always in a good way. But luckily, there are still many good things that come with technology. Twenty years ago, if someone was to say that almost everyone would have a cell phone, they would have been called crazy. During that time only the richest people have cell phones, and those phones were much different than the ones we have now. They were much bigger and could only made calls, they also had terrible call quality. However, they were still the building blocks of the future and all the phones that we have now. Smartphone’s can now do almost anything, with Smartphone’s, we are now able to keep in contact with everyone no matter where we are. People can talk to their family members around the world or their friends just a few blocks away. Smartphone’s can also help with safety, if a person is in danger, instead of having to look for someone to help them, they can just call 911 and get help very quickly. Overall, cell phones have revolutionized the way we stay connected with friends and family, and have also increased the amount of safety we have with us.

Summary for 'the parable of sower' Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Summary for 'the parable of sower' - Essay Example Question #2: The destruction of the gated community where Lauren and her family live. The meeting of Lauren and Taylor Bankole on their journey north marks her first encounter with love. The transformation of her belief that God is change, into a religion and acquiring new followers in the form of Travis and Zahra. The disappearance of Lauren’s father and the death of her brother Keith. The enlargement of the north bound group. Question #3: Lauren Olamina is the leader of the group offering guidance to the group (Mayer 113), and the story is told from her point of view. Harry Balter being the only man initially provides added security. Zahra Moss proves to Lauren that she can teach people to read and write. Taylor bankole acts a source of wisdom and balances the age gap among members of the group because he is older than the rest of the group members. Question #4Dystopia is the setting of a story or film based on the future dysfunction of affairs in a community and members group together for protection against the chaos from outside. Characters group into a group of trusting individuals and shun others they do not trust. Question #7: The empathy disease is a condition of actually experiencing emotional and physical pain or pleasure of other people. Lauren, Grayson Mora, Emery Tanaka Solis, Tori and Doe are ‘sharers’. ‘Sharing’ in society is aimed at portraying the need to understand other peoples’ feelings and the good it could accomplish in attaining a better relationship among individuals. Question #20: The book is an enjoyable read because the issues it address are already present making it easier to identify with the characters’ situation. The book is a good recommendation to those who enjoy fiction based on near true circumstances or

Orwell's 1984 paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Orwell's 1984 paper - Essay Example a similar profoundly satiric allusion to the Communist Manifesto, which was published in 1848 and was a highly influential book of its time in terms of political ideology. It promoted the ideology of Communism and was written by the famous communist theorists Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. As its name depicts the book was all about the political ideology of overthrowing the† bourgeois† and bringing the working classes (â€Å"the proletariat) to power. George Orwell (whose real name was Eric Blair) makes satiric allusions to the communist manifesto and the regime it sought to promote. He was not anti-communist but towards the end of his career he felt disillusioned by the mechanics and â€Å"manifesto† of the Communists. He believed that such an ideology would always deteriorate into a dictatorial regime. The novel alludes largely to the situation of the regimes who took to the communist ideals (especially the case of Russia and the USSR) and how the Communist Manifesto fast moved away from its real aim of the emancipation of the working classes from the bourgeoisie. The theme of the story in 1984 depicts the world in the year â€Å"1984† in the setting and assumption the Communist movement has successfully dominated the world. The main Character of Emmanuel Goldstein is an allusion to Marx and Lenin who were the most prominent leaders and supporters of the Communist ideology.One of the strongest allusions to the Communist manifesto (and to some extent Lenin’s book on communism called† Testament"),is when Orwell states in his book that the fictitious Communist leader Goldstein writes a book called "The Theory and Practice of Oligarchical Collectivism".He goes further to describe his Communist â€Å" hero† as having a â€Å"a lean Jewish face,(with) †¦.. fuzzy aureole of white hair" which if carefully examined reminds us of the appearance of Marx who wrote the Communist Manifesto. His bitterness can be seen further when he writes that Goldstein is deceiving the

Does Cognitive Behavioral Therapy work best for Bipolar I or Bipolar Research Proposal

Does Cognitive Behavioral Therapy work best for Bipolar I or Bipolar II Disorder - Research Proposal Example Other aspects that were found to be common among bipolar II patients include interpersonal conflicts, breakdown of families and instability in marriage (Marneros and Goodwin, 2005, p. 95). What a psychotherapist is supposed to realize is that, people who have a high risk of falling from grace are those with a bi-polar disorder. They are also most likely to get into problems because of failing to adhere to advice or due to the state of their moods. This may lead them into several behaviors that may be risky. It is however paramount for any given psychotherapist to realize that some patients may be required to fail for quite a while before learning from their mistakes and acquiring mastery. Therefore, important nuances for management are being able to leave the door open for the patient to come back at another stage or showing a certain level of leniency in the course of psychotherapy. This is suitable rather than doing away with psychotherapy to someone who seems not to be compliant ( Yatham, 2010, p. 350). Nonetheless, since a bipolar disorder may be progressive with the accumulation of episodes, and it may readily show response to interventions been done at a period early enough during the sickness, attempts to engage patients in treatment early enough are of paramount importance. Moreover, a set of problem strategies that are family based, cognitive, behavioral, and interpersonal have been detailed to apply to those who have the condition of bipolar II (Yatham, 2010, p. 350). Arguments have been put forth in support of the well being plans for patients with bipolar II disorder. The axiom ‘knowledge of power’ is the underlying one for the strategies. It is observed that the often-used strategies are ensuring enough sleep, being able to manage stress, being aware of early warning triggers and signs, taking suitable medication and seeking relevant professional support (Yatham, 2010, p. 350). It is therefore in the scope of this research to establish whether Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) works well for Bipolar I or Bipolar II. Research Questions There are three research questions in this study: The first one is what is the comparison between bipolar I and bipolar II disorders; the second one is how does Cognitive Behavioral Therapy work for bipolar I and bipolar II; and lastly, between bipolar I and bipolar II disorder, which one appears to have Cognitive Behavioral Therapy working better for? Research Hypothesis The first hypothesis reveals that using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy will lead to significant outcomes for the case of bipolar I than bipolar II. On the other hand, according to the null hypothesis, there will be no significant difference between the outcomes of using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in bipolar I and bipolar II. Basis and Purpose of the Research The basis of this research is to ensure that answers have been provided for the above hypotheses to the extent of the effect of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on bipolar I and bipolar II disorders. The research is particularly intended to find out whether Cognitive

Origin of Conflict Amongst the US and Iraq Essay

Origin of Conflict Amongst the US and Iraq - Essay Example 10). ISLAM Islam originates from Saudi Arabia and is perceived as successor religion to Christianity; since it clinches a mass of Christian and Jewish beliefs, while at the same time building on several beliefs. These religions belief in prophets of God like Abraham and Jesus being bearers of new messages that change in beliefs, although only Muslims belief in Muhammad as being the last prophet; a belief that is not embraced by other religions (Keegan 2004, p. 35). Islam developed gradually, especially in the fifteenth century all over the world, especially in the Middle East, Africa and some European countries. This tremendous range of Islam was ruled by leaders, caliphs, who assembled religion and civic governance. This association goes against the American belief of proper governance, which implies that religion and government are obviously differing social activities and that the government is restricted from showing support to any particular religion. The Islamic empire grew dra stically which led to different sections of the Islamic empire started breaking into conflicting splinter groups as a result of increased wealth, as well as a variety of interests and customs. The central part of the Islamic empire that is situated in parts of Turkey, Iran and Iraq, transversed by international travel roads from and to China, India and other parts of the Orient (Cashman 2007, p. 48). As anticipated, conflict occurred given that the Middle East, which is currently referred to as Israel, was the place where Christianity, Islam and Judaism originated. As a result, there were military endeavors referred to as Crusades, in an attempt to recapture the Christian Holy Land from Muslims, which created a block of hostility, antagonism, threat and fear amongst the Islamic East and Christian West. Apart from that, succession to Islam’s leadership was the first cause of conflict amongst Muslims; with the main split amongst Sunnis and Shiites, as to who was the genuine suc cessor of Muhammad (Hess 2009, p.76). TRADE ROUTES During the Industrial Revolution, the West developed gradually especially in wealth, physical resources, competence as skills, as well as military experience and power, unlike the Islamic territories. As a result, the West secured more colonial empires by being hostile to countries that influence its trade routes, which in most cases were Islamic. They did this by taking control of countries, or part of countries, and imposing on them rules that were disadvantageous and humiliating to Islamic people and their countries, while, on the other hand, those rules were advantageous to the West (Hiro 2009, p.100) While bringing change, both the British and French were mainly concerned with the short term gains they would achieve by splitting the empire into independent nations, rather than the long term growth of these regions. The British established and implemented their desired government in a place that is currently Iraq, which was perc eived as unsatisfactory by the indigenous leading to the rebellion that prolonged for years, giving rise to the rise of Baath Party that eventually acquired control of Iraq, as well as the rise of Saddam Hussein. Apart from that, this place, which is currently Israel, was set up in a manner that gave British control over the area, and this meant long term suffering in Palestine.

Neoliberalism And Urban Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Neoliberalism And Urban Environment - Essay Example It is characterized by freedom and liberty. In a liberalist perspective, they view such concept as letting the people decide of what they want and without any intervention or influence by others or the government itself. It advocates a free market policy and tries to open the economic possibilities of doing business globally. In such time, great thinkers and even ordinary people are hungry for a development, hungry for another structure that would best cater the interests of the public. People want something new in the system that governs them. As a result of hunger, they in turn had given birth to neoliberalism that until now is a living idea that influences the world, a science that helped and continue to help in shaping the world. Neoliberalism is a set of principles and theories governing economics. These are principles and theories that are widely influenced by Adam Smith. These are theories mostly used in dealing with the problems of developing countries and the relationship in trade and commerce of developed and developing countries. Neoliberalism is greatly linked to Frederick von Hayek's theories of economics, the IMF and departments of economics such as the Economics department of the University of Chicago. Neoliberalism became a central concept to critical researchers in the realm of economics in the 1990's. Neoliberalism, a globally pervasive political project with manifestations at a variety of scales, strives to resurrect the classical economic works of Adam Smith, Thomas Malthus, and David Ricardo to name some. The context in which classical economists were working in, the 18th Century is marked with ideals of democracy and citizenship in which the theory of liberalism was sculptured and developed. The western political theory of liberalism sought to free a 'natural' market from the unnatural control of government. Few seem to argue the merits of a democratic society and the role of political and economic freedom. Although democracy has room for improvement and development, it is no longer a movement without precedence that is looking for an eloquent theory to act as agent. Neoliberalism suggests there is something new and different about the goals of contemporary liberalism. It is referred to by some liberalist thinkers as an offspring of liberalism. In general terms, the 'new' of neoliberalism is the idea that there are inevitable external market forces that will require structural change; and that structural change is only applied to select institutionalizations of the state (Peck 2004). This idea is 'new' compared to classical liberalism because neoliberals work to diminish the state to a point of near death, whereas classical liberalists recognized the state as a necessary evil to be looked at with skepticism. And, again in general terms, the difference between neoliberalism and its root liberalist ideals is the contextual embedded ness - different times develop different ideas. And, neoliberals are not necessarily fighting a totalitarian state as their liberalist predecessors had. NEOLIBERALISM PROPONENTS AND VIEWS One of the great thinkers that made his name famous in this field was Frederick von Hayek who founded the Mont Pelerin society in 1947. The main objective of the Mont Pelerin society was to establish a free market which is not in control of the government