Close Analysis of Rear Window Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Close Analysis of Rear window - Essay ExampleHe besides crafts a countless atmosphere, as a bamboo curtain is raised and the yard is exposed, which is what the entire movie orbits around. tally to Laura Mulvey, who perceives it radiantly the look is outlining, however the man is unceasingly the observer, whereas the lady is the observed. To restatement her thoroughly, movie takes up a males fill to clarify, devaluate, and overestimate the lady. Cinemas ought to learn to halt with agreement, to permit the look of the camera into loving objectivity.Jeff spends time observing his neighbors done binoculars. The spectators are literally shown life via Jefferies eyes in the 6 weeks in which he is restrained to a wheelchair. The opening looks out onto a yard and shows a number of unlike openings which are symbolic of assorted traditions of living in U.S in the 1950s. In the movie the spectators are shown diverse characters and each opening signifies a diverse style of living and extr acts of these charismas exists as Jefferies perceives them. Generally, there are 3 core characters in the movie, the 1st, is Jefferies, the second being Jefferies lover named Lisa and the 3rd being Jefferies doctor called Stella. The connections between these key characters change because of the alteration of events which tell on in front of Jefferies when he considers one of the neighbors of which he has been closely following murders his companion. Lisa is embodied as the guileless lady as she is stylish, attractive and a prosperous business lady in this movie when she is presented, she is constantly denoted faultlessly and lighting is deployed to limitlessly make her spark. She is continuously tremendously fashionable and elegant.When examining the visual organization of Rear Window, there is a corresponding structure in which everybody handling their day-to-day lives. The spectators are even shown persons splinter and picking up calls. This signifies the fact that every openi ng demonstrates a sneak

Helping the Elderly Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Helping the Elderly - Essay ExampleGoing by this theory, elders are in the stage of self actualization and in this stage, they are not attracted by desires etc. alone they shoot is peace and they will be in a position where they know about themselves clearly. At this stage most of the necessitate are fulfilled.Relating the theory with the case clearly shows one of the major needs of elders - health. Most of the elders are in need of drugs and medicines to relieve them from their diseases. So medicine also becomes the basic need for elders. Most of the drug/medicine businesses are targeted at this basic need of elders.The elders are in a stage of dependency due to their physical and mental weakness. In this case, both the government and Insurance companies essential come to the aid of elders as the elders depend directly on medicine for their survival.The role of Doctors, Health contend industriousness (Drugs), Insurance Companies and Government nonplus a direct impact on the life of elders. These let out persons must change their attitude and mindset from looking at elders as a revenue stemma and bring down helping them in their own ways.Its no secret that average courts of prescription drugs have raised dramatically in the past decade. tally to the Kaiser Family Foundation, average retail prices for brand name drugs in the United States to a greater extent than doubled between 1990 and 2000, from $27 in 1990 to $65 in 2000. The obvious interrogative mood is Why?One of the major reasons is the advertising make up spent by health care companies. The core of money that has been spent promoting drugs since the new FDA regulations went into effect is staggering. In 1996, the drug industry spent $791 million on mass media advertising. Four years later, that number more than tripled to $2.5 billion. ... I approached the case study considering the important flock in the case. i.e.DoctorsHealth care Industry (Drugs)Insurance CompaniesGovernmentEldersTh e role of Doctors, Health care Industry (Drugs), Insurance Companies and Government have a direct impact on the life of elders. These key persons must change their attitude and mindset from looking at elders as a revenue source and start helping them in their own ways.The decisions to be taken by doctors are to charge less to elders.The decisions to be taken by health care industry personnel are to offer drugs at a cheap cost to elders.The decisions to be taken by Insurance companies are to charge low insurance premium from elders and compensate them quickly on their medical expenses.The decisions to be taken by Government are to provide tax cut and provisions on high priced medicines to elders. If possible, the Government must distribute them free of cost to elders.Why are prescription drug prices so high The drug prices are tremendously huge. Its no secret that average costs of prescription drugs have raised dramatically in the past decade. According to the Kaiser Family Foundat ion, average retail prices for brand name drugs in the United States more than doubled between 1990 and 2000, from $27 in 1990 to $65 in 2000. The obvious question is WhyOne of the major reasons is the advertising cost spent by health care companies. The amount of money that has been spent promoting drugs since the new FDA regulations went into effect is staggering. In 1996, the drug industry spent $791 million on mass media advertising. Four years later, that number more than tripled to $2.5 billion. All told, the U.S. drug industry spent $15.7 billion

Immigration and education Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Immigration and education - Research Paper Exampleom transportation to drumhead immigrants under 31 years of age arrived in the United States earlier of age 16 vex always been in the country for at least five years of residence having not been sentenced for any(prenominal) crime, presently in school, having advanced from high school, or functioned in the U.S army.Thus the Obama administration is better to feed on with immigration reforms which included the immigration reform system legalized so as to function more(prenominal) successfully, taking precise response to labor market, thus, enhancing U.S effectiveness. Reinstates the reliability of immigration laws through an implementation system which disheartens managers and workers from their outside(a) action of the lawful system, safeguards Americas boundaries, and charges substantial consequences in touch with those who disrupt the guidelines Proposes a just, caring, and arranged technique to have numerous of the coarsely m illions of migrants presently residing unlawfully in the U.S to receive the legal rights of living in the country. This is worth(predicate) implementation since the immigrants could aid in increasing the U.S economy as they are very hard works persons, Registration of these immigrants with contextual authorizations would certify that we know who is here and will allow the U.S powers to pay attention to implementation properties on criminal essentials and safety pressures instead of meticulous intimate memberships.The possibility for getting a field policy failure sometimes can be explained by partisan actions. The September 11 outbreaks quiet a possible immigration reform package in its ways. Before the outbreak, President George W. Bush skirmish with Mexican president, Vicente Fox, a number of times discussing about the Latinos becoming the significant individuals of swing voters known for now ,hence calling for consensual immigration reforms. Subsequent to the bomber attacks, nevertheless, immigration implementation turn out to be identical with

Argument paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Argument paper - Essay ExampleWith the increased cases of crime in society, volume have lived in so much fear as they fear any impending attacks and bombings, which prevail to many people dying. Through the increase in the number of criminals, duress is not only equal to deter the criminals and that is the reason why the judiciary enforced the wipeout penalty and enacted it as a right smart of eliminating permanently the criminals and reducing their numbers. Many of those who get out of prison after long years of imprisonment often commit other bigger crimes and hence, it would be better if they were killed, because they end up killing fifty-fifty more people. Therefore there is need to protect the innocent and wipe a path the perpetrators of crimes to humanity. The best way is through the death penalty, as other forms of imprisonment are not deterrent enough. In addition, death penalty will enable people to be more careful and appreciate the right to lifespan for every citiz en. Additionally, the sanctity of life will be maintained, as they will strive to preserve their sustain lives and avoid capital punishment. Therefore, it is a punishment for those who take away the lives of others, since the same measure needs to be taken against them, and i.e. they are to be killed too (Mandery and Mandery, 2011).Furthermore, various huge taxes are used to finance prisons and feast murderers in prisons, which are not fair at all since the money needs to be channelled to reform the lives of the poor who are at the mercy of the criminals. In carrying out life imprisonment, the society has to bear spicy costs with regard to maintaining prisoners with long imprisonment terms for crimes that prompt capital punishment. There is no uncertainness that the up-front costs of death sentence are relatively low, however, the alternative fronts significant maintenance costs everywhere time (Guernsey, 2009). The financial and economic costs of maintaining a prisoner servin g life are astronomical to the tune of $50000 a year, which is more than

General motors Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

universal motors - Essay ExampleThe caller-up has its manufacturing bases in 37 countries and has eleven brands under its name. As on phratry 2013, the overall sale and revenue of the company is 152.84 billion dollars (Yahoo Finance, 2013). The company has its operations all round the world. It is meshed in the manufacturing of electric, mini cars and big vehicles such as trucks. The company excessively performs servicing functions. Thus, the consumers of General Motors ranges from upper-middle illuminate segment, luxury and premium segment, consumers with agriculture and supply chain business and logistics service providers. So generally the company transfers most of its successful brand to different countries for everyone to avail them. GM has very good human mental imagery policies and it employed about 3,000,000 people around the world. The major brands of General Motors include Chevrolet, Cadillac, GMC, Wuling, Opel and Holden. The company does heavy investing on its tec hnology for producing innovative cars. The management team of the company is centralized and strong. This ensures that the operational functions of the company were regularize in most of its departments. However, the operations of GM in all its offices around the world atomic number 18 non standardized and the market share of the company is not uniform in all the countries. ... History Founded in the year 1908, William C. Durant was the first controller of the company. At first Durant was into manufacturing of horse driven vehicles, before entering into the cable car industry. Within few years the company went on to acquire many companies such as Cadillac, Oldsmobile and so forth After the creation stage, came the acceleration stage. During this time Vauxhall, Opel and Chevrolet brands were introduced which took innovation to a new level. GM vehicles became aspirations and statements and changed the image of vehicles manner beyond just transportation. During this time GM also e xpanded its plants to other states. Globalization of General Motors started during 1980 and 1990s. bulk of joint project and new establishments took place during this time. However, challenges started occurring during 2008, as a result of the global recession and stinting downturn. The company had to take loan from US treasury and major restructuring had to be done in the strategy and planning. After filing for bankruptcy in 2009, GM emerged as leaner and more competitive agreement (General Motors, 2013a). Mission Vision and Values The objective of the company is to be the most successful automaker in a span of 5 years and also ensure that the marketing strategies such as e-commerce technologies are utilized for the overall growth of the organization. The vision of the company is to build, design and sell best vehicles of the world. The company also aims to become the most respected automakers of the world. General Motors has indeed succeeded in moving towards its goals. The compa ny has a unequaled and comprehensive mission statement which sums up the overall long term and short term goals and

Nutrition Facts Label Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

pabulum Facts Label - Coursework ExampleThe rise of science and nutrient technology have forced many multinational companies in most States in the U.S. to take advantage of American people as well as worldwide at large hence providing subsidized food substances in regards to profit maximization as an aspect of business.Many grocery stores provides elegant food that has additives such as corns which has ingredients like cellulose, saccharin, polydextrose, and xanthan that are cognize to be harmful and a threat to the health of human beings. According to the movie, one of the scientist suggested that many of the processed food has either corns or soybean ingredients which helps many of the processed food staffs to stay long in grocery stores.In the regulations of food, security by international bodies suggests that, these multinational companies as well as some(prenominal) governments have overlooked these regulations by providing cheap food regardless to negative consequences it has over the nation. The author of the sack goes further on analyzing side effects of science and technology on the facet of global food supply affected by lack of biodiversity, which in turns the author believes that can be changed by providing require side of a specific equation. However, it is known that 70% of processed food has been genetically

Internal Controls Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Internal Controls - Essay Exampletiveness and the efficiency of the firms operation deals with the prefatory goals of the business such as business performance, generation of profits and the safety measures taken on the corporations resources. Consistency of financial reports calls for preparation of consistent financial statements. Additionally, there is requirement for preparation of short-run and strong financial statements.The Sarbanes-Oxley go of 2002 is a requirement by the US Corporation to establish and economise satisfactory systems of internal control. Since its establishment, the Act ensures that the organizations management and board of directors maintain consistent and utile internal controls. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 also deals with the weaknesses existing in internal controls in the corporate sector. The enactment of the Act has seen the improvement of internal controls in companies which have agreed to comply with the Act (Rich 2009).Research on the auth orization of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 shows that there has been clear understanding of the controls and their effectiveness. According to Warren et al (2013), the enactment of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has seen a reduction in fraud cases that were common before 2002. The enactment has ensured confidence to the investors, creditors and stockholders. The maintenance of internal controls as required by the act is a way of ensuring fraud cases are minimized and avoidance of tawdry financial statements. However, companies have realized that compliance to the act is costly but they have also make that benefits of application of the act in internal control is far much more that the cost.Deficiencies in internal controls in any corporate is costly because of unclear financial reports. Organizations with deficiencies in internal controls have to commence high capital investments and poor stock prices. Despite the high cost of complying with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the corpo rate get out in future reap the benefits.

Why Do Students with Disabilities Drop Out of High School Essay

why Do Students with Disabilities Drop Out of High School - Essay ExampleThe get hold of is focused in finding out the reasons why the special education educatees drop out, hence putting emphasis on the students experiences. The method to use in this type of study is the phenomenological approach which asserts that the meaning of phenomena nooky be dumb through the experiences of those who are involved (Wiggan, 2008, p. 322). Research Questions Given this objective, the key question that will be answered in this proposed study is Why do students with disabilities drop out of utmost school? This chapter discusses how this question will be answered. Because it is a why question, the qualitative methodology was selected as it is more appropriate when contending with such abstract benevolent behaviors, such as the act of dropping out of school. This proposed study requires a flexible enquiry approach pattern because it addresses a human phenomenon that should also make space for b ehavioral factors. Hence, the qualitative methods objectives of describing and explaining variations, relationships, single(a) experiences and group norms make it the most suit sufficient for this study. For instance, when observing and interviewing participants, the set of interview questions determined beforehand should release enough room for follow-up questions. This is by using a nonstructured format (Morocco, et al, 2006). Likewise, analyzing the data to be collect will involve flexibility as categories that are not expected will arise and factors that front inconsequential may became significant. The study may need to be adjusted in the coding and outline of the data as these previously insignificant factors and categories may become more important in exhibition to be able to present more accurate and comprehensive results. Design Qualitative research can see precisely which events led to which consequences and derive fruitful explanations (Miles and Huberman, 1994, p. 1). Moreover, it has a higher chance of being able to arrive at unanticipated findings and new combinations and reationships (Miles and Huberman, 1994). These reasons are why the qualitative research visualize has been selected for this study as it can provide a clear view of why students with disabilities drop out of high school. It must be clarified that although quantitative data, such as statistics and percentages, will be used in the study, it only serves as supportive numbers that will lay the groundwork for this study. Furthermore, it is intended for this qualitative research to act as a precursive study for more accurate and extensive quantitative study on the same topic. Active Observation The study will employ a qualitative research design that will be based on active reflection with a nonstructured format to allow for maximal flexibility (Morocco, et al, 2006, p. 140). The qualitative research design has been criticized by many for its supposed inexactness due to its i nterpretative, subjective, impressionistic and diagnostic nature as it has been claimed that there are no unbiased observers (Thomson, 2007). However, when contending with abstract data, like the a great deal contradictory behaviors, beliefs, opinions, emotions, and relationships of individuals and in this case, the reasons why certain people act a particular way, active observation is best employed as its strength lies in its capability to be able to provide a textual characterization of complex events such as human experience (Mack, et al., 2005). Intensive Interview info will be collected through intensive interviews of special education high school student dropouts through personal (face-to-face) meetings and via electronic mail (e-mail). An iterative questionnaire would follow the interview in order to paint a picture the

Business to Business Marketing & Supply Chain Management Essay

assembly line to Business Marketing & Supply Chain Management - Essay ExampleSignificantly, the success of an organisation must be pegged on the supply compass of mountains as pasrt of the vital elements in the system structure. Observably, supply chain is often dates regarded as the process of integrating companies and their operations together with regard to the flow of products, services along with other aspects of modern businesses (Ellis, 2010). Basically, the supply chain process entails the contribution of a supplier, distributer along with an fast customer, and this further incorporates the flow of gods and the services of an organisation. In modern business practices, the supply chain retains its critical splendour as it is directly associated with the operational wellbeing of the business (Warkentin, 2003). Correspondingly, this particular discussion will primarily serve up with analysing the importance as well as the role of supply chain steering in the scope of b usiness-to-business marketing. The paper will also conclude some of the major prevailing issues associated with the supply chain management with considerations of two different industries, which will include the Textile Manufacturing Industry of China and Chemical Industry in Singapore in a macro prospective.Supply Chain Management (SCM) is one of the most underlying processes in the contemporary business environment. It will not be vague to depict that it is one of major elements, which can directly decide upon the success potentials or failure risks of a company, irrespective of its industrial positioning. SCM is often defined as the management of the flow of goods within any particular business context. It primarily involves the faecal matter of materials or finished goods from one domain of the business to the other in a systematic manner, ensuring time effectiveness in each of the stages involved in the supply chain process. The process of supply chain in the modern day busi ness context also involves the

BLIP Echo Planar Imaging Method Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

BLIP Echo Planar Imaging method - Essay ExampleSampling of k-space is different in EPI that enables high quality of send offs acquired. EPI uses quickly switching sides to mature its echo train as against use of RF pulses in FSE. EPI frequency encoding gradient oscillates from incontrovertible to negative to create odd and even echoes. Each read gradient echo corresponds to one k-space with the controlling and negative gradients changing the direction of the bank note that is read. The changing of direction of the line read results in a human body blip causing a shift in Ky and this method of phase encoding is referred to as blip EPI. Characteristics of EPI EPI has three distinct characteristics in harm of speed, the variety of contrast and the flexibility in terms of available resolution for imaging small structures like the pituitary gland. EPI offers higher speeds (6 to 10 times) of imaging of unmindful temporal events under motion. It provides with high image quality by collecting more averages with change magnitude undercut frequency per TR. The signal to noise ratio of the images is high and the resolution is also high. Its usefulness depends on the MR scheme used and the efficiency is determined by the ability to perform 1282 or 2562 in a actually short time to avoid large off tintinnabulation artifacts. It means that high quality images of pitiful patients can be obtained by using the speed of EPI. A variety of tissue contrasts (T1, T2 and T2*) argon allowed by EPI for image acquisition and small structures argon imaged using the flexibility in resolution where the field escort can be reduced, the echo train length can be increased or geometric distortions can be reduced to increase the resolution. Also, just half of the data of the image can be gathered that can be further synthesized through conjugation to obtain the remaining data. Flexibility in contrast can be used to produce an image similar in standards to that of an SE image wi th the same TE and TR by using an excitation pulse in the front part followed by a 1800 pulse (T2* dephasing) to create the first echo. EPI compared to naturalized fast imaging methods EPI uses the Blip EP method of phase encoding where each phase blip between echoes causes a shift in k-space line. Each k-space line is contributed by the gradient refocused echo and is either read positively or negatively through the gradient change. The quickly switching gradients that produce the echo train are responsible for the odd and even echoes. When the lines are read, the reversed read lines are reordered before constructing the image. Also, the rf pulse is not used to create quaternary echoes as in conventional FSE. Figure 1 (a) Pulse plot of FSE, 4 echoes and (b) pulse diagram of EPI. Source (McMahan, 2012). Benefits in EPI Acquiring single snap shot images is much faster (20-100 ms) using EPI when compared to conventional FSE as gradient echoes take less time as all the encoding steps are obtained after one single excitation pulse is use. This is in contrast to the train of rf pulses applied that increases TR. Also, EPI allows flexibility in contrast that enables even small structures to be imaged very fast. Further, slice coverage is increased with EPI when compared to FSE. EPI has fewer rf pulses that result in low specific absorption rate (SAR). As SAR is low, TR is also low, resulting in more slices to be covered in the same TR as in FSE. Sensitivity to resonance effects A disadvantage in EPI is that it is sensitive to off resonance effects of the echo gradients

Human Resources Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Human Resources Management - Essay ExampleIn this case, there be more sub judice, ethical and HR issues to address issues of legal liability, bribery and workplace bullying. This case highlights the recent word-painting of sexual assault allegations against sports professionals and the actions taken by club presidents, members, the media and the police in regards to dealing with the issue appropriately. The legal issues raised by this particular case include duty of c ar, bribery, and preventing the course of justice. If the Carringbush Cheetahs Football Club erupt the woman $20,000 as hush money (Stone 2010 pp539) they would be commenting illegal bribery. Also, by paying her off they are preventing the course of justice. The club bear a duty of care not only to their players but to the aver victim and the public. They are committing a crime by covering up the misfortune. In Australia, there have been similar cases involving the use of club members money paying for court tria ls, settlements and even private detectives to follow and progress to up a file against alleged rape victims (Krien 2011). ... ng similarities to St Kilda coach Ross Lyon when he tried to duration the club from a police investigation into allegations of a rape cover-up in 2011 (McMahon & Hunt 2010). As well as these legal and ethical issues, from the HR perspective, workplace bullying is present with Troy Sanders pressured into agreeing to slide down the accusations and bribing the woman. The Workplace Health and Safety Act 1995 (1(a)(b)) defines workplace harassment as when a person is subjected to ingeminate behaviour by a person, employer, co-worker or group of co-workers that a reasonable person would allot to be intimidating (Jones 2009 pp14). Troy can seek remedy for workplace harassment under popular law for breach of duty of care or under Occupational Health and safety legislation. However, it is improbable he would choose this action as in sport societies there is a strong family subculture (Krien 2011). An incident like this would be seen as testing loyalty and Troys allegiance would be rewarded (Krien 2011). It has been suggested that flashy clubs, such as the Carringbush Cheetahs, adopt more vigorous education programs and HR strategies to teach the players acceptable companionable behaviour as well as to protect them from predatory behaviour (Silvester 2010). Since players are seen as division models in the eyes of the public, they then have the responsibility to behave appropriately, as does the club. It is unfortunate this is not incessantly the case. Response to the Case Study Answer I agree with most points raised by the declaration to the case study above. The analysis rightly points out that the case in question is typical of many sexual transgressions that male sports professionals are making a habit of. It also correctly identifies the numerous facets to the case,

City Council Meeting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

City Council Meeting - Essay typesetters caseSeated at the center is the Deputy mayor and also the Head of Committee Services. To the left of the mayor are seated the Chief government, the town Solicitor and also the Council Manager. They supply recommendation on the cover of the concourse similarly as creating a politician record of the proceedings and selections taken. Upon election, Councilors ar allotted a particular seat within the Chamber.The media create use of a Press Table set to a lower place the soapbox and ahead of the Members seating room. Variety of officers also will be gift within the meeting for supporting numerous aspects of the meeting. Theres a Public heading to the left of the Lord politician. Officers Gallery is going to be to the correct of the mayor.Each seat has shared access to an electro-acoustic transducer that is controlled from a console on the soapbox within the Chamber. The Lord politician encompasses a reproduction of the electro-acoustic transd ucer layout on the chamber in drift that those desires to talk are often known. The console and also the Mayors electro-acoustic transducer incorporate associate degree override button.The lessening from originally a hundred sixty five Councilors to the current ninety Councilors implies that not all of the seating room within the Chamber square amount currently occupied. The Council meets each seven weeks and extraordinary conferences square measure habitually commands to subsume specific problems. At the start of each municipal year the council holds its annual general meeting. This is often the meeting wherever the mayor, deputy mayor, leader and executive board square measure appointed, hitherto as the numerous different committees of the council.There square measure total ninety councilors in xxx wards of urban center council. One ward is consisting of roughly twelve, thousand populations. All wards square measure society based mostly wards. There square measure three co uncilors for every ward. Theyre the representative

Personality or behavior - Organizational Behavior HRM Case Study

Personality or behavior - Organizational Behavior HRM - Case Study ExampleThe concept of personality has a large-minded definition from a psychological perspective. Nonetheless, the most reasonable definition asserts that personality is the personal characteristics that result in a consistent pattern of behavior, thoughts, and emotions (Ajzen, 2005 Stuart-Kotze, 2006). Specifically, personality is an arguably permanent aspect of an individual influenced by culture, family, life sentence experiences, group membership, and beliefs. Consequently, personality is consistent, impacts behaviors and action, and expresses multiple concepts such as thoughts and feelings.On the other hand, a behavior is the action resulting from our determine and beliefs. From a psychological viewpoint, a behavior is a response to external and internal stimuli that produce externally visible outcomes influenced by experience and a change in attitude. Therefore, personal behavior is flexible as affected by o rganizational culture and ethical beliefs supported by a company (Ajzen, 2005). Consequently, the inequality between behavior and personality is that the latter is rigid and permanent while the former is flexible and unsettled to fit in a particular culture. Specifically, this is because changing the substance of personality such as attitudes, principles, philosophies, and ambitions is problematical (Stuart-Kotze, 2006).The Big Five personality model is a combination of broad domains of personality Specifically, this model is infixed as it aids in understanding different trait in personality without overlapping.

Indonesian worker in Saudi Arabia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Indonesian worker in Saudi-Arabian Arabia - Essay ExampleHer craft can hardly be considered greedy as, apart from her hire, she receives no bonuses and benefits, although if she falls ill, her employers do pay for her treatment. Furthermore, her salary is fixed and is not reviewed for maturations and she works hard for ever dollar she earns.Her employers ar a middle-aged Saudi couple whose children are grown up and living away from denture. They are exceedingly rich and real well-connected. The husband works as an ambassador, now retired, at the Saudi Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and the wife is a extremity of the Saudi Royal family. The couple, contrary to the stereotypical image she had of rich Saudi Arabians, treat their staff in truth courteously and are very sedate. They hardly entertain anyone outside of their family, although they do go out quite an frequently.Yes, it is a living wage for an Indonesian. She transfers 250USD to Indonesia every month, keeping only 50US D for herself. Of the $250 she transfers home, $100 enter her husbands account to back up support the family and the rest into a savings account in her name. The 100$ that go towards household expenses are double the amount that her husband earns per month. The family relies on this money to pay for the childrens schooling, their clothes, food and, if need be, medication.She saves half of her s... She transfers 250USD to Indonesia every month, keeping only 50USD for herself. Of the $250 she transfers home, $100 enter her husbands account to help support the family and the rest into a savings account in her name. The 100$ that go towards household expenses are double the amount that her husband earns per month. The family relies on this money to pay for the childrens schooling, their clothes, food and, if need be, medication.9-how/on what does this global woman spend her wages She saves half of her salary, hoping that one day she would have saved enough to buy a home. The fifty dol lars which she puts aside for herself are hardly used at all since she rarely has an opportunity to go out or bribe anything. The 100$ which are spent every month, all go towards her childrens expenses.10-what is the economic situation in Indonesia and Saudi Arabia Indonesia is a developing country. Its per capita income is ranked as the 99th in the world. Inflation rates are high and well-paying barter opportunities are limited. In direct comparison, Saudi Arabia is ranked as the 33rd in the world in terms of per capita income. Jobs for nationals are very well-paying and the government subsidises most services, including education and healthcare. While inflation is on the increase, salaries increase accordingly. The implication here is that even though both countries may accurately be described as developing Saudi Arabia is in a far stronger economic position than is Indonesia.11- explain how this woman fits into the economy of her home/host country She is an expatriate worker an d this has numerous implications. In the first place it means that preferably than join her domestic labour force and live her life as an

Business ownership Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business declareership - condition Paper ExampleIt is always the dream of any person to own such multinational companies and lucky businesses but what hinders everything is how to emerge, choose, plan and man eon. This has always been a big ch wholeenge considering any business whether successful or still in the growing stage. Different people would have different views and plans on which business to start due the varying levels of understanding and desires. Such decisions are also affected by the availability of resources such as land, capital, labor and experience. Speaking from my point of view about the type of business that I would bid to start someday given enough resources, this is what I would have in mind starting my own business, sole proprietorship, and to be specific a computer comp championnts and accessories merchandise. I have a great furor in computer accessories and given that the business has a ready market, I consider it the best pick to take. I would choos e to be a sole proprietor where I would assume complete accountability to anything that happens and also the liabilities and debts. In opening such a business, there are various factors that must be taken into account and this are explained below. For the marketing concept I would choose to do this critically by real considering all the factors that my business would be dealing with. First of all and most most-valuable of all is to create and distribute well-designed and good business cards and posters throughout my locality with brief descriptions of what the business offers and the benefits that one gets by considering to purchase from the business. in doing the marketing, the main target market ordain be the youth olden between 15 to 35 given that this is the age group that has been seen to make higher purchases especially as it regards computer accessories. My marketing strategies through posters will mainly target to separate out this group by ensuring to reach schools, c olleges and other youth assembling places such as gymnasiums (Harper 22). Since my company would be dealing with computer technology which is characterized by time to time updates and innovation, attending of trade shows would also form the basis of my marketing concept. This would leave behind me to promote my products and services and will also facilitate collection of information from other companies playing a part in the same market. Attending these shows would also offer resources for locating diverse venues around the hoidenish where I could get potential customers and more ideas for developing the business. Other important marketing concepts would also admit networking at my local chamber of commerce and building strong relationship with local media outlets. Ensuring that people and your clients dumbfound my business over the web and internet in general would form the last and most important of all factors of marketing of my product and company. I will ensure to create a company compose of my new business in both facebook and twitter as this is the place to reach the target age group easily (Paulson 31). For the type of scattering, I would design and use selective distribution where I would actually rely on few intermediaries that would actually carry and transport the computer appliances from the other retail shops. This distribution would also be dependent on the regions where this product would actually have more sales. An analysis will be done across major cities and towns to find retail shops

International Production and Trade Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

International Production and Trade - Essay ExampleAs a result of this shift, the United States and much of Western Europe aligned itself with a free market capitalist system whereas the Soviet Union and many parts of the remainder of the earth aligned themselves with collectivised communism. As a result of this bipolar powershift, the capitalist nations throughout the world realize that one of the save ways to ensure that wealth generation and sustained growth could proliferate was by engaging in a system of capitalism that prized reductions in trade barriers and liberalize nations in trade. The authors further specify the situation that this desire to reduce trade barriers and liberalize trade was ultimately the impetus which helps to give rise to such global entities as GATT, WTO, and the World Bank. Yet rather than each and every nation throughout the world integrating their economies and seeking to provide goods and services with little to no trade barriers, a somewhat dia metrical dynamic has been realized. As such, the difference between theory and practice is denoted by the authors with respect to the way in which several(predicate) trade blocs and trade alliances have developed between the regions and entities throughout the dry land. As such, whereas the world competency have been previously defined establish upon religion and/or ideology, nationality, ethnicity, or any some other litany of different qualifiers, the modern world has largely been defined with regards to which nations agreed to a level of unimpeded trade. What this has ultimately stirred is a situation through which the world has come to be redefined based upon trade and not based upon many of the other qualifications that had previously constrained and defined the way in which nations have interacted historically. After the tip of the Soviet Union, this peculiar(prenominal) trend has only been increasing as more and more nations throughout the globe seek to develop their ow n trade blocs and alliances in something of a macro form of protectionism. Evidence of this force out of course be seen with regards to the way in which the EU, NAFTA, and ASEAN treaties now exists which helped to promote trans regional trade and block the advances of true(p) international liberalism that might otherwise helped to differentiate and grow these respective economies. As a result of this particular approach, the authors discuss the way in which this dynamic shift has encouraged specialization with regards to different industries and regions/economies. Moreover, as thoroughly has been generated and regions of the world have come to supply the raw hearty for finished goods and services in other parts of the world, the authors note the fact that many individuals view this as something of a neo-mercantilist system. Although this is not quite the case, the comparisons are nonetheless existence and should not be dismissed out of hand. As the more wealthy nations, delinea te by powerful trade alliances and blocs are able to outsource their unskilled labor and raw material extraction to poorer nations, the benefits of these inputs are realized on both entities. Whereas the neo-mercantilist would point to the fact that these nations are being taken advantage

The Postmodern Proletariat Essay Example for Free

The postmodernist Proletariat EssayABSTRACTAlthough the landscape of the business world has changed dramatic apiece(prenominal)y, there is disagreement among scholars as to whether Marxs theory of monomania smooth applies to the current fly the coopplace environment. Although the advent of unions and teamsters sorts, employee stock options and receiveership sharing plans, and avocation benefits seem to make better working conditions thereby minimizing the existence of alienation, some scholars believe that other(a) inventions from seat of governmentism much(prenominal) as globalization and information technology intercourses tallyset the balance gained from these improvements in crusade dealings thereby further promulgating its outcomeant roles. Using historical observation from the early years of capitalism in America, well-disposed identicalness theory, and lit on information technology and corporate pagan diversity, a disparity emerges regarding how the affable alienation of minorities differs from that of non- nonage members. A dialectic inquiry is made to de terminal figureine how the write up of capital hollow in America is related to neighborly alienation based on a doers racial or cultural heritage.INTRODUCTIONSome scholars indicate that Marxian theory is antiquated and that collect to advances in technology, the growth of exertion and the change in the itinerary business is conducted, individuals in the study whitethorn experience less(prenominal) alienation than before. The evolution of organizational and employee developments such as the unions and teamsters conventions, employee stock options and ownership sharing plans, and job benefits may offer explanations as to why symptoms of alienation shake off yet to birth a labor movement whirling as theorized by Marx. Additionally, socio- economical safety nets established by legislation to save capitalism such as the creation of the living wage, welf be, child dig up laws, equal employment hazard and affirmative act architectural plans, and social security have also assisted in the maintenance of capitalism thereby minimizing the doctor alienation has on individuals in the workplace.However, for most minorities and women these developments that have occurred throughout American memoir have make little to ameliorate alienation because until approximately the last 30 40 years few grasp laws were designed with minorities in mind. As a matter of fact, even legislation designed to protect minorities and women is lots challenging to enforce, allowing alienation to exist from factors including mismatched employment opportunities, a lack of diversity in the workplace, and unequal pay amid men and women or based on race. Research suggests that women and minorities on average still make as little as betwixt 75% 80% of white mens wages in give beat back.Marx has been criticized for overlooking this stratum of alienation based on ra ce and sexuality that illuminates a diametrical face of capitalism. Marx proposed four dimensions of alienation that can be classified as ego, social, harvest-feast, and actor of production. The purpose of this paper is to controvert how alienation occurs in different ways overlooked in the literature by redefining the role player through the lens of social individuality theory which may explain how alienation is a proportional concept. Questions lead be addressed such as which workers may experience relative alienation? What other forms of alienation exist and to whom may it apply? And how can the innovative proletariat be effectively managed in efforts to reduce anxiety as a result of social or cultural randomness?Following a brief literature review of Marxian theory, social identity theory, and literature on information technology, I leaveing examine how the expansion of capitalism has spawned a modern more several(a) proletariat that still experiences alienation, tho in varying degrees that differ from non-minority workers. This paper will theoretically lay out how time affects the social alienation of minorities in a manner different than non-minority members resulting in a dialectical inquiry of how the history of capital labor in America is related to social alienation.LITERATURE check outThe link in the midst of capitalism and laborThroughout the history of the world, it is labor power which has elevated whatsoever so called civilized society. According to Marx, before the emergence of capitalism, society was more communal and each soul in society contri plainlyed his/her own labor where it was use uped and in the way best suited for his or herself (Marx Engels, 1951). For face, there were blacksmiths, hunters, fisherman etc. and each bartered and traded with bingle a nonher for their sustenance. Approximately 2,000 years before the get across of capitalism false needs (those needs that the culture capital industry makes us t o believe are real (Marcuse, 1964) did non exist apart from necessary 1s such as food and shelter. For almost all of human history people and communities grew, hunted, and traded for what they needed (Agger, 2004). The creation of money changed this, according to Marx (Marx Engels, 1951a), because it could be saved and apply for m each purposes as it became an intermediary in the trading put to work. Instead of simply macrocosm used as a tool of comfort to acquire necessary needs like basic food and shelter, money began to signify success or social status which gradually distanced individuals from one another (Agger, 2004), hence the term alienation.Another caseful of labor Marx termed free labor (Marx Engels, 1951b), although the term free is a misnomer. This form of labor was one in which strivers provided labor. They were bought and sold along with their labor power once to a slave owner thereby becoming a commodity such as a dishwasher or a tractor. It is important to n ote that the slave is the commodity so his labor power is no longer a commodity that belongs to him. Marxs account of history explains how the bourgeoisie capitalistic emerged (Marx Engels, 1951a) but for the purposes of this paper I will fast forward to capitalism in colonial America which includes the most recognized form of labor that still exist today, wage labor.Although wage labor is labor that is at first owned by the worker, it can be sold by the worker thereby making it so that the labor is no longer under the workers control. The worker receives baseborns of subsistence in exchange for his labor power, but the capitalist receives in exchange for his means of subsistence labour, the productive activity of the worker, the creative power whereby the worker not lone(prenominal) replaces what he consumes but gives to the accumulated labour a greater value than it previously possessed.(Marx Engels, 1951b, pp85) This type of relationship between the worker and the capitalist along with the creation of currency creates what Marx termed as alienation (Giddens Held, 1982).Marxs theory of alienationMarx attributes four types of alienation to labor under capitalism (Giddens Held, 1982). According to Marx, when the worker gets paid for completing an assigned task, he is actually selling his labor as a commodity. This commodity is a form of capital that Marx terms as having social power because the power is transferred from the proletariat or worker to the capitalist (Marx Engels, 1951b). Once this transfer of labor power occurs, alienation develops for many reasons as outlined by Marx (Giddens Held, 1982). The first includes the alienation of the worker from his or her true self as a human being rather than a machine due to the lack of opportunity for self expression and directly benefitting from the fruits of ones individual labor. The profit or commodity created as a result of ones labor is privately owned by someone other than the creator.The second fo rm of alienation, social alienation, occurs between workers since capitalism reduces labor to a commodity to be traded on the market and disrupts the social relationship among workers. Thirdly, since the product is controlled by the capitalist, alienation exists between the worker and the product itself. The worker no longer has control of his own life because he no longer has any control of his own work. Before the emergence of capitalism, labor was a persons life activity. According to Marx a worker never become independent or experience self-realization because their life activity or work becomes controlled by someone else.The observation of their life through the fruits of their labor is no longer realized by the worker herself. Now their labor is only significant in the way the bourgeois want it. Lastly, alienation exists from the act of production itself due to high specialization and the division of labor (Smith, 1991) among workers that results in high efficiency for the c apitalist but becomes a meaningless activity, offering little intrinsic satisfaction for the worker. Marx also noted that religion streng sos the alienation process by causing individuals to accept their lot in life no matter its condition. tender identity theoryTajfel (1978) defines social identity as that part of an individuals self-concept which derives from his intimacy of his membership of a social group (or groups) together with the value and emotional significance attached to that membership.(pp. 63). Tajfel and Turner (1979) further describe social categorisation as one of three processes that underlie social identity theory (SIT). Social categorization is the process by which individuals reason others into groups in efforts to organize social information (Ellemers, De Gilder, Haslam, 2004 Tajfel, 1978). According to Tajfel (1978), social categorization is the underlying process of SIT that is sufficient as well as necessary to acquire forms of in-group favoritism and o ut- group variation. The second process, social comparison, occurs when people make comparisons between the selfperceived categories of groups in relation to the groups perceived values and their own individual values (Tajfel, 1978). Social identification, the closing process, allows people define themselves based on their take aim of affiliation with a group that they believe shares the uniform values they wish to attain.The choice of group affiliation is also based on the perceived value that the group holds in expectation of receiving personal benefit from such membership (Ashforth Mael, 1989). Ashforth and Mael (1989) also note that this categorization process helps the purposes of (a) helping people make sense of their environment by defining other in relation to their group membership, and (b) enabling individuals to define themselves in comparison to other groups. People are then more likely to identify with a group with whom they share similarities, because their ident ification is based on how they categorize themselves as similar to those within the group (van Knippenberg van Schie, 2000). Turner (1978) demo in various experiments where groups were created with marginal categorization, when there is no category placed on them, participants artificially created in- groups and out- group dynamics.This showed grounds that individuals in groups will create artificial divisions between themselves and individuals from other groups even when no observable differences are salient. Other experiments demonstrated that since race is a very salient characteristic, its social categorization may induce in-group favoritism and out-group discrimination as well. One such example of how inter-group bias is resolved through an understanding of SIT is interpreted from what is known as the Robbers Cave study in which two groups of boys campers were placed on two different sides of the campgrounds unaware one another (Gaertner, Dovidio, Banker, Houlette, Johnson, McGlynn, 2000).Upon each groups awareness of each other, they immediately began to discriminate against each other for no salient reason other than the fact that they were in different groups. This resulted in each group creating an in-group and out-group condition. However, using decategorization, struggle between the two groups was ameliorated (Gaertner, Dovidio, Banker, Houlette, Johnson, McGlynn, 2000). Decategorization is the process by which individuals in groups are isolated from their group and placed in a situation in which they essential interact with a member from another group they deem as the out-group. Over time, surface level differences erode and deep level similarities emerge which helps them to decategorize themselves in relation to their group membership. Isolation from the influence of their group members enables this decategorization to occur, thereby reducing conflict between the members from different groups. The contemporary workplaceManaging diversity. Som e diversity scholars suggest that a demographically representative workforce results in more innovation and creativity (Jackson, 1991 Cox Blake, 1991). There has been an increase recognition of the need for more diversity as it is not only ethical, but is also sincere for business. A diverse workforce assists companies in attracting customers by having sales teams that speak the language of the minority consumer. selling and promotion becomes more effective because a company with a diverse workforce has a greater understanding of the culture and values of its consumers helping them to marry with them.Overall, this paradigm shift in the hiring practices of current companies occurs as it heavily impacts their bottom line in a profitable manner. This new shift is very evident as the backlash from majority group members such as sporting males mounts. Protests against affirmative action programs and blaming minorities for economic crises such as job layoffs, falling real incomes, and diminished access to quality education have resulted in racial profiling and hate crimes (Agger, 2002), other ways to alienate minority members.Information communication technology (ICT). Communication via technologies has been shown to change group interaction. It tends to equalize conjunction, because group members participate more equally, and charismatic or higher status members may have less power (Kiesler, Siegel, McGuire, 1984). Social psychological aspects of computer- mediated communication theory studies of groups that make decisions via computer interaction have shown they were more uninhibited and there was less influence from any one dominant person.It appears that groups that communicate by computer experience a breakdown of social and organizational barriers. This may occur because we as individuals can recreate ourselves forming a new identity, a cyber self (Agger, 2004). The cyber self is described by Agger as the self-assembled, manipulated persona that acce sses the world via online. According to Agger, a capitalist system thrives off consumer self-invention as we create status and false needs for ourselves. In a cyber-capitalism (Agger, 2004) this still occurs but with ones true identity hidden. This may be beneficial for minorities who still may become socially alienated even after reinventing themselves.THEORETICAL DEVELOPMENTKarl Marx said the history of all hitherto-existing society is the history of class struggles (Marx Engels, 1951a). Although many scholars acknowledge overlaps between class and race, I believe the salience of racial dissimulation and distinct racial features helps to further explain dynamics regarding the relationship between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie and its effect on promulgating capitalism and alienation. As we have observed, the history of social economic systems depicts changes in how labor was utilized. Consequently, it may also demonstrate the extent of alienation exhibited by workers. The m ajority of the first settlers and later most immigrants of European ancestry up until present day see alienation as theorized by Marx. But unconnected the worker who sold his labor as the commodity, the slave laborer was the commodity, providing free labor while the worker or the serf earned a wage.Although Marx does make the distinction between wage labor and slave labor to some degree (Marx Engels, 1951b), he does not delve into the consequences or the degree of the difference between the two regarding the consequences of alienation. According to Marx, the capitalist society leads to the alienation of workers by not allowing them to express themselves through their work. The proletariat is alienated because she is compensated less for her labor versus profiting from her own entrepreneurial efforts. Smith argued that this arrangement is fair because the capitalist assumes the risk (Smith, 1991). This debate may be arguable for the average laborer at that period in history, but c an this same argument of fairness hold true for the slave laborer? Although Marx mouth about alienation among working class, he failed to detail the condition of the slaves at the time who one could argue were the most alienated.At best, Marx related that the Negro slave is a commodity only if used as one, such as a sewing machine or any other commodity (Marx Engels, 1951b). In reality SIT demonstrates how the saliency of race attaches a stigma to the slave as being only a slave, with skin color serving as an identifier. The result is that not only was the labor of a slave a commodity, but the slave itself was the commodity who could not profit from his/her own labor. This is the first example of how alienation differs between minorities and other workers. A dialectic exists because although alienation exist for all workers, it is greater for minorities, ergo the slaves, due to social injustice. This oversight in Marxian theory is important to recognize as it may mean that levels of strength of alienation should be identified.Ironically, capitalism, the economic force that initially promulgated slavery, became the economic force that would ameliorate the condition of alienation among minorities in a dialectical sense. According to Marx, the mass of wage labor grows as the capital grows (Marx Engels, 1951b). In his words, the tour of wage workers grows the domination of capital extends over a greater number of individuals, (Marx Engels, 1951b, pp 87). When four million Blacks were released from slavery in 1865 (Bennet, 1984), they were forced to compete with White laborers which created a troubled situation. However, Northerners looked southward for cheap labor and imported Blacks to beat down a higher standard living or to break up unions (Meltzer, 1984). It was capitalism at its finest which served to create an opportunity for ex-slaves. Although they experienced more alienation than their White counterparts because they were not allowed to unionize, bei ng in a situation where they could actually work for a wage could be considered a step up from their past condition of slavery and poverty.The industrial revolution of the late eighteenth and early 19th century provides additional examples of how not only the need for labor increased, but how this need created token labor for minorities who ordinarily would have faced discrimination and not found work. The transcontinental squeeze project is considered by some to be one of the most important projects in American history because it enabled Americans to connect across the entire U.S. An enormous undertaking, the Central Pacific Railroad, was so large and dangerous that there was a greater than usual demand for labor that minorities were able to fill (Schama, 2009). This important endeavor would not have been completed had it not been for the Chinese immigrants at that time. They were not wanted by the contractors at first, and were mistakenly considered too frail and effeminate for t he job due to their small body frame and minimal facial hair. However, due to the need for more workers, they temporarily overcame prejudice and eventually comprised a significant amount of its workforce until its completion.Positing from Marx, dimensions of alienation existed due to the level of dangerous working conditions and the mind numbing and repetitive division of labor. At the completion of the project, the Chinese were not even recognized for their outstanding accomplishment. However, I argue that they experienced a decrease in the level of social alienation they would experience by having an opportunity to work alongside other Americans at a time when prejudice against them was volatile. Again, the dialectic occurs whereas Marxs theory of alienation applies to the work situation, but the fact that a job existed at all for the Chinese in a disadvantage society demonstrated the amelioration of alienation for minorities through capitalism. However, when observed as a compa rison between minority and non-minority workers I propose that the level of alienation for minorities is still high as compared to non-minorities. This may demonstrate how alienation could possibly be moderated by the race of a worker. Both examples from history provide evidence for what could be termed as relative alienation.Adam Smith assumed that saving money and having a Protestant work ethic of self denial, working hard and delaying gratification was a driving force keister capitalism (Smith, 1991). He was correct in that it supported and helped to ignite its birth in America, but by the end of World War II people needed to spend money in devote for capitalism to thrive (Agger, 2002). As a result people began to spend beyond their means and credence was popularized as a new way of spending. Eventually this new dimension of consumerism led to the Great economic crisis of 1929. As a result, a host of programs were introduced by President Franklin Roosevelt to salvage the econ omy and the capitalistic way of life. Many new measures were devised by the Roosevelt administration to combat the Depression.The work week was shortened, young children were forbidden to work, a minimum wage was set, and federal relief programs including social security were implemented. A public works program built new hospitals, schools and community centers, and playgrounds which created millions of jobs (Meltzer, 1984). It was not until these frantic years of the New Deal, as it was called, that Blacks began to move into unions as well as begin to truly benefit greatly from the creation of new jobs. Although discriminated against, minorities again experienced a different level of social alienation in the workplace, as compared to their White counterparts (Meltzer, 1984). Henry get across is noted for his revolutionary business model using the assembly line as well as for increasing the wages of his workers so that they may purchase his vehicles.The Ford Model T was the first motorcar mass produced on assembly lines with completely interchangeable parts, marketed to the middle class. The needed factory worker knowledge and skills were also reduced to one of 84 areas. Although according to Marx this scenario serves as a situation for alienation to exist, for the minority worker it may be considered an elevation in social status in a orthogonal land in which they experience prejudice. It is noted that approximately 75% of Fords workforce were immigrants (Schama, 2009). Unfortunately, this was not due to Fords compassion for minorities in need of work, but rather for the need to brook the demands of labor. This demand continued during World War I and through World War II as men serving their country as soldiers were unavailable to meet the labor needs of capitalism.Minorities stepping in, although alienated by the exploitation of their labor, experienced an improvement in social alienation from White co-workers simply by having an opportunity to work with them. The birth of information communication technology has transformed the landscape of business and work group interaction. Its effect of removing barriers and equalizing members within interacting groups helps to ameliorate conditions of alienation of minorities with co-workers. The cyber self can be used to better connect with members from all cultural backgrounds.First, it is a self- assembled invention of the self that allows minorities get a foot in the opening thereby enabling them to connect with co-workers in manner that blinds them from bias or prejudice. Secondly, computer-mediated interaction between members equalizes participation by removing the influence from dominant personalities or members. This is akin to a decategorization process by which majority members and minority members may converse via ICT without influence from ethnic, racial, or gender group member affiliation. I propose that this will enable deep-level characteristic to emerge while surface-level di fference dissolve, enhancing the interaction between members. As a result, the probability of alienation occurring between co-workers may diminish in the contemporary workplace.CONCLUSIONThe sonnet inscribed on the Statue of self-direction readsGive me your tired, your poor,Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. brand these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to me.I lift my lamp beside the golden door.These words convey an offering of liberty and prosperity by capitalism and democracy that can be perceived as sincere. The history of capital demonstrates that the mantra of Lady Liberty may have in reality been a call for cheap labor to perpetuate capital and grow the U.S. economy. In turn, the rise of industry with an influx of immigrants created more than just a melting pot, but also bred a new type of worker different from the proletariat described by Marx. By deconstructing this new proletariat, we find that over time alienation in the workplace has manifested itself in a masked manner for all Americans, but simultaneously improved co-worker interaction for minorities as a result of contemporary business practices. Recognizing this dialectic, the construct of alienation should be examined further in order to identify its different dimensions relative to the cultural and racial identity of workers.Additionally, managers and leaders should continue to foster business diversity practices that serve to be inclusive of all so as to minimize cultural or social dissonance among co-workers. Although capitalism has been attributed a major cause of alienation, it is ironic that the contemporary ways of doing business spawned from capitalistic expansion may save capitalism from becoming a socially dominant force that transgresses the basic rights of humanity. The new ways that businesses communicate and produce services and products at may seem to only intensify workplace social alienation at first glance. Ideologies create d by capitalism such as globalization, just-in-time production, and the culture industry seem to have heightened alienation among workers in our wealth building society. However, so long as other ideologies of capitalism such as managing diversity for profit and ITC also exist, social alienation can be manageable.REFERENCESAgger, Ben. 1989. Fast Capitalism A Critical Theory of Significance. Urbana University of Illinois Press.Agger, Ben. 2002. Postponing the Postmodern Sociological Practices, Selves and Theories. Boulder, CO Rowman and Littlefield.Agger, Ben. 2004. The Virtual egotism A Contemporary Sociology. United Kingdom Blackwell Publishing.Ashforth, B., Mael, F. 1989. Social identity and the organization. Academy of Management Review, 14 20 39.Bennet, Jr., Lerone. 1984. Before the Mayflower. New York Penguin Books.Cox, T. H. Blake, S. 1991. Managing Cultural Diversity Implications for Organizational Competitiveness. Academy of Management Executive, 5 45-56.Gaertner, S.L., Dovidio, J.F., Banker, B.S., Houlette, M., Johnson, K.M., McGlynn, E.A. 2000. Reducing intergroup conflict From super-ordinate goals to decategorization, recategorization, and mutual differentiation. Group Dynamic Theory, Research, and Practice, 4 98-114.Giddens, A. and D. Held. 1982. Classes, Power, and Conflict Classical and Contemporary Debates. Berkeley, CA University of California Press.Jackson, S. E. 1991. team composition in organizational settings Issues in managing an increasingly diverse workforce. In S. Worchel W. Wood, and J.Simpson (Eds.). Group Process and productiveness 138-173. Beverly Hills, CA Sage.Kiesler, S., Siegel, J., and McGuire, T.W. 1984. Social psychological aspects of computer- mediated communications. American Psychologist, 39 1123-1134.Knippenberg, D., Schie, E.C.M. 2000. Foci correlates of OID. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 73 137- 147.Mael, F., Ashforth, B. 2001. Identification in work, sports, and religionContrasting the bene fits and risks. Journal for the Theory of Social Behavior, 31 197- 222.Mael, F.A., Tetrick, L.E. 1992. Identifying OID. Educational and psychological Measurement, 52 813- 824.Marcuse, Herbert. 1964. One-Dimensional Man. Boston Beacon Press.Marx, Karl. 1939. Capital Volume 1. New York International Publishers.Marx, K., and F. Engels. 1951. Selected Works in Two Volumes Volume 1. Moscow exotic Languages Publishing House.Meltzer, Milton. 1984. The Black Americans A History in Their proclaim Words. New York Harper Collins Publishers.Schama, S.(Writer). (2009, January 20). What is an American? Television series episode. In The American Future A History. KERA.Smith, Adam. 1991. wealth of Nations. Amherst, NY Prometheus Books.Tajfel, H., Turner, J. C. 1979. An integrative theory of intergroup conflict. In W. G.Austin S. Worchel (Eds.), The social psychology of intergroup relations (pp. 3348).Monterey, CA countenance/Cole.Tajfel, H. 1978. Differentiation between social groups Studies i n the social psychology of intergroup relations. London Academic Press.Tajfel, H. 1974. Social identity and intergroup behavior. Social Science Information, 15 1010- 118.Note Marx and Engels 1951a refers to The Manifesto of the Communist Party by Karl Marx and Frederick Engels, and Marx and Engels 1951b refers to Wage dig up and Capital by Karl Marx as reprinted in Marx, K., and F. Engels. 1951. Selected Works in Two Volumes Volume 1. Moscow Foreign Languages Publishing House, pp. 21-97.Note Giddens Held 1982 refers the Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts reprinted in Giddens, A. and D. Held, Classes, Power, and Conflict Classical and Contemporary Debates, Berkeley, University of California Press, 1982, pp. 12-19.

The Role of Media on Emergency Contraception Essay Example for Free

The Role of Media on Emergency Contraception EssayThe calculate of this paper is to examine the role media has played in shaping ordinary perception of emergency contraception. more or less of the major issues found in the key findings of empirical studies and current cognition, and the relevance for insouciant livelihood allow all be discussed. Media such as impudents and internet represent the most easily remediable influence on pot and their views even down to their sexual attitudes and behaviors. In 1922, Lippmann argued that mass communication could incur the basis for peoples views of the world (Perse, 2001). After much empirical research, ninety years later(prenominal) there is no disbelief that the media burn be very influential on many issues. The media has influenced hot opinion in many contr oversial matters and one(a) of the most controversial is emergency contraception. What has been the role of the media in shaping public perception of emergency contrac eption? That very question is what this paper will address. ahead examining the role media has played on the publics perception it is important that a general brain about what emergency contraception is be established.Emergency contraception (EC) or the morning after lozenge is a contraception that prevents motherhood after unprotected sexual intercourse due to contraception failure, non- enforce or rape. EC may range in two ways 1) by inhibiting ovulation or 2) by preventing the nidation of a fertilized egg in the uterus however, it cannot work if youre al restless pregnant. EC is not an abortion pill. Furthermore, use of EC can reduce the risk of inadvertent pregnancy by up to 75%-89% if taken within 72 hours after unprotected intercourse or ontraception failure. According to the Association of fruitful Health Professionals (ARHP) unintended pregnancy continues to be a major public health issue in the United States. Out of the 6-million pregnancies in the United States ea ch year about one-half are unintended. (See effigy 1) Figure 1 Annual Pattern of Pregnancies in the United States Intended versus unintended (6. 3million pregnancies totals). Data ascendant Association of Reproductive Health Professionals October 16, 2012.After several years of petitioning by various officialdoms the Food and drug Administration (FDA) finally approved EC for over the counter (OTC) sale to women 17 years of term and older in 2009. However, recent research has shown that EC seems to be underused. Whereas access to EC has been improved its achievement is linked to the dissemination of true information about EC via trusted informational sources, such as family, friends, health care providers, and the media (Vahratian, Patel, Wolff, Xiao, 2008).Today information is gained from many different sources types, news stories which are ranked second according to how true(p) they are generally perceived to be, the mesh and television but not all sources convey accurat e information. In 2010 the World Health Organization (WHO) put out an official report discussing the effects of medias reporting on emergency contraception. According to the authors muck raking news analysis was most in all likelihood attached to wherefore use of EC pills were still low and pregnancy rates still high.The WHO listed BBC as one of the news organizations inaccurately reporting on EC. Reports that regular usage of emergency contraception may drive infertility and in rough instances increase the risk of cancer (Westley Glasier 2010) had precisely alarmed women and may cod kept some from using the method when they needed it most. Sometimes these stories are picked up by network bloggers, reporters etc. and circulated like an illness. Today, the echo chamber that is the Internet can quickly spread and amplify media stories, oddly if they are sensational. An e-mail circulating for several years describes a true story of a womanhood who died of a stroke while on hormonal birth mince recently, this story morphed and now states the mystify of death continuously taking the morning-after pill (Westley et al. , 2010). Stories such as that are then picked up by the populist and the disease of misinformation continues. Stretching half-truths to the point where people believe them.Education on EC continues to be very important aspect on perception and use. However, even in places where knowledge of EC is high like in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, use stayed low. A crowing movement for this is that education on fertility, contraception and pregnancy risk is poor. Further compounded by genuinely chimerical media coverage, which Westley et al. considered to be motivated by concerns over sexual irresponsibility, and was hidden behind false scientific validation. given(p) that EC is now accessible OTC in the US to women who meet the age limit, proper public health messages should be established to increase womens awar eness of, dismiss myths about, and encourage correct use of emergency contraception as an instrument to help avoid unintended pregnancy and birth. Accurate media coverage has played an important role in spreading the news about health risks, healthy behaviors and new products sensationalist and frightening coverage can buzz off the opposite effect( Westley Glasier 2010), hence the significance of factual information.Subsequently media coverage that paints a negative light with inaccurate information has given sensationalists with an agenda burn down against EC use. This is often seen from politicians, religious groups and other activist. Essentially the right for a woman to choose has been tossed in the political ring. Thus the media jumps all over it playing it up. Some of these individuals believe that because EC pills may work by stopping the implantation of a fertilized egg in the uterus, that this is abortion. The moral equivalent of homicide, as Dr.Donna Harrison, is quoted , the manager of research for the American Association of Pro-life Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Republican Party Mitt Romney, Newt Gingrich and Rick Santorum lay down also made similar statements recently calling EC abortive pills. However, according to an article produce recently in the New York Times theses qualms maybe unfounded. It turns out that the politically charged debate over morning-after pills and abortion, a divisive issue in this election year, is probably rooted in outdated or incorrect scientific guesses about how the pills work (Belluck, New York Times, 2012).It maybe that package labeling is the root to the fertilized egg debate. star scientists are saying that studies fox not proven that EC pills inhibit fertilized eggs from implanting in the uterus. instead they postpone ovulation, release of eggs from ovaries that happens before eggs are fertilized, and others thicken cervical mucus so sperm have trouble swimming (Belluck, New York Times, 2012). Obvio usly there is a need to re-educate indemnity makers (who hold women reproductive rights in their hands) on EC and advance their knowledge about EC.In addition, its also been reported that EC has slashed abortion rates but James Trussell, a Princeton nation researcher said The impact is still too small, considering that each year million American women have unintended pregnancies more than a million of which end in abortions (Health Study, 2002). There were 47,000 fewer abortions that can be explained by the growth in EC use from 1994 to 2000 a forty-three percent drop. Figure 2 shows nationwide, the number of abortions.Similarly, the abortion rate declined 29 percent over the same period, from 27. 4 per 1,000 women aged 15-44 to 19. 4 per 1,000. Figure 2 Data Source Ms. Magazine. com October 16, 2012 The chief concern in all of this and the relevance for everyday life is the health issues linked to unintended pregnancy. Now a common problem in the US approximately 1 in 20 women between the ages of 15 and 44 reported an unintended pregnancy in 2001. This epidemic of unintended pregnancy can have negative health repercussions for both the young and mother. Unintended pregnancy has been associated with delays in obtaining early prenatal care (sometimes connected with delays in pregnancy recognition) and delays in curtailing or ceasing tobacco and alcohol use, all of which can adversely affect fetal development. Women who have an unintended pregnancy are less likely to take vitamins and, consequently, have an increased risk of a neuronic tube defect in the fetus. Infants born to women who had not intended the pregnancy are more likely to be of low birth weight, premature and/or small for gestational age.In addition, there is some evidence that unintended pregnancy is associated with child abuse and neglect suggesting that unintended pregnancy can have long-term adverse health implications for the infant (Goldsmith, 2008). Conclusions There is hardly any ques tion if media influences not only views but behaviors of people. However, sometimes those influences may be factor on half-truths and misconceptions. Success or failure depends on the information received.Even though EC has been approved by the FDA research has still shown an under usage, and no expected impact on unintended pregnancy. According to WHO inaccurate muck raking reports are linked to why usage of EC is low. The Internet is also a place where misinformation is widely spread. Sensationalist, politicians and religious groups follow the misinformation as a platform to the agendas. This is hidden behind false scientific justification, and powered by the want to control a womans choice to reproductive health. While countering every health-related rumor on the Internet and inaccurate story in local newspapers and magazines is surely a fools errand, it is increasingly important to be ready with the facts when reporters, community members and patients voice concerns (Westley et al. , 2010). It is important that accurate media coverage is conveyed not to ward off women if they are in need of EC. There are times and situations as rape or incest where access to EC can be better than the alternatives such as abortion.In addition, the general public must be inform of the attributes, side effects, and availability of EC. Based upon my research I found that EC maybe an underutilized resource because the big impression media leaves on people and their views. Lack of knowledge about EC continues to be a bar to its use. It is my personal opinion that use and access to EC is better than the alternative of unintended pregnancies. Many people have their opinion on this matter case in point one I dont agree with that of Richard Mourdock.Quote Ive struggled with it myself for a long time, but I came to realize that life is that gift from God. And even when life begins in that horrible situation of rape, that it is something that God intended to happen he says that he struggled with this issue, but he really has not, and never will. Policy makers who have never struggled to keep a rapist from violating their body, nor will ever grapple with the decision to end a pregnancy should not be the one deciding what should happen as a next step.

Sherlock Holmes Essay Example for Free

Sherlock Holmes EssayHis appearance also, with his pipe and deerstalker, has become a widely accepted depiction of a detective. Many detectives since Sherlock Holmes have copied his basic appearance, also beingness depicted as wearing a cloak and deerstalker, and smoking a pipe. Conan Doyle uses the aspect of Holmes appearance to con lookr his character Watson describes him as having a hawklike nose. This comparison to a hawk suggests that Holmes is powerful, strong, and inescapable Holmes is predatory, and he is hunting his prey. set ahead symbolism as to the depiction of a hawk is that large birds of prey be revered for their enormous skill at catching prey, in a similar way to Holmes. Their speed and power, is that of Holmes. The United States of the States use a bald eagle as their national bird and as part of the with child(p) seal of national congress the eagle, as a bird of prey, symbolizes power. Through step forward the Holmes stories, he exhibits an intelligence t hat goes beyond the traits of a common investigator. His powers of observation and deduction are most apparent when he meets his client Helen stoner There is no mystery, my dear madam, said he, smiling.The left arm of your jacket is spattered with mud in no less than s eve places. The marks are perfectly fresh. There is no vehicle pull round a dog-cart which throws up mud in that way, and then only when you sit on the left-hand side of the driver. This shows how superior Holmes ability to observe and deduct information really is. This superiority is emphasised by Watson do as a filter between Holmes himself and the instructer, Watson is able to emphasise Holmes abilities and to make him appear even to a greater extent admirable. Conan Doyle creates the character of Dr Watson, whom we learn about as we read through the stories, as Holmess companion.He is always thither with Holmes and assists him when he is in trouble. He occasionally helps Holmes solve elements of different cas es and is reasonably good at running(a)s things out, however his powers of deduction are not nearly as powerful as Holmes You reasoned it out beautifully, I exclaimed, in unfeigned admiration. It is so long a chain, and yet every link sound true. Doyle uses this sense of inferiority to subtly elevate Holmes ability. Watson is always there for Holmes and he makes the stories more interesting by serving as a comparison to Holmes Watson is a person who has a romantic, less practical whim than Holmes.This contradictory attitude serves to exalt Holmes and the abilities of his concentrated mind. Watson is also used as a filter Because I made a blunder, my dear Watson which is, I am afraid, a more common occurrence than anyone would approximate who only knew me through your memoirs. Through Watson we see only what Conan Doyle wishes us to see, this then means that when the mystery is revealed, it is even more awe-inspiring, since the reader, along with Watson, were oblivious to wha t was such an elementary conclusion. Holmes has a very prominent duality that is unmistakable to us as a reader It saved me from ennui, he answered, yawning.Alas I already relish it closing in upon me. My life is spent in one long effort to escape from the commonplaces of existence. These smallish problems help me to do so. Holmes took drugs on a regular basis while he was not working he used them to help him relax. Holmes detests being unable to occupy his ceaseless mind and reverts to drugs to give himself a distraction from his boredom. Since first appearing in the Strand magazine, the Holmes stories have been enjoyed by many readers. These stories appealed to the Victorians because they offered an escape from the law-breaking ridden society they lived in.Holmes never failed to solve a crime and offered them moral certainty. Although in current society we are more competent at solving crimes, Conan Doyles stories are still enjoyed as they are an entertaining, easy read for m any modern day readers. I, for one, enjoy the old-fashioned, formal language used. Matthew Gatehouse 10i 2 Friday 1st May 2008 1 Page Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written military man of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Conan Doyle section.

Structural and Developmental Assessment of the G Family Essay Example for Free

Structural and Developmental Assessment of the G Family EssayCaring for the family from a holistic point of view is at the very heart of nursing. The family unit is one of the most grievous foundational institutions in society. time it may seem inconsequential to some, the family unit provides identity, stability, and support. Family dynamics and crises croup affect an exclusive greatly, both physically and emotionally. Thus, it is make uptful for nurses to always ack directledge the family when assessing the individual patient.The Calgary Model provides a frame forge to accurately and comprehensively assess a family. It comprises of three main categories structural, developmental, and functional. Using the Calgary Model, I plan to analyze the G family from the structural and developmental point of view.Internal structureA family is composed of twain or more(prenominal) persons who ar linked together by intimate association, resources, and values (Bomar, 2004). It is whomever the individual decides provides for their physical and emotional involve and considers to be in their family. As for the G family, they would be considered a nuclear family. Mr. and Mrs. G argon a married couple with four young children, E, age ten, J, age eight, B, age six-spot, and A, age four. They live in the suburbs of Charlotte, N.C., describe their economic standing as upper middle class, and consider their race and ethnicity as Indian (Asian). When I posed the question to Mr. and Mrs. G of whom do you consider as your family, they both replied severally an other(a)(prenominal)(a) and their children. Each individual child also replied that their pargonnts and siblings are considered their family.An assessment of gender roles helps the nurse to see how separately individual perceives their role inwardly the family (Wright Leahy, 2009). For the G family, gender roles are primarily determined based on culture. In the Indian culture, the husband is considered the head of the family and assumes the role of the primary monetary provider while the married woman assumes care of the children and the household. In the G family, Mr. G is the primary provider for the family. He is the Chief Financial advisor at a Fortune 500 company. Even though Mrs. G has a masters degree in engineering, Mr. G. tactual sensations that a mothers place is with the children and her role should to be rear them. man Mrs. G admits that she enjoys being a stay-at-home mom, she feels that all the energy and effort spent at getting a masters degree was for nothing. Many times she feels that since she is able to work, she should work, but she respects her husband decision. This is where culture plays a major role, because in the Indian culture, the wife generally has to respect the husbands wishes.While discussing gender roles, I also questioned them ab come forth their sexual orientation. Mr. and Mrs. G both say they are heterosexual and have always been heterosexua l. They both admit to never being sexually active preceding to getting married when they were both 23 years old. Mr. G says that the reason he delayed till trades union to have sex was primarily due to religious convictions. Mrs. G also admits to being religiously convicted to wait till marriage to have sex, but also admits it was also out of fear of what her parents might do if she ever became pregnant before marriage. She went on to describe how in the Indian culture, having a child out of wedlock has grave repercussions for both the person involved and the family. It would cause the involved person to be image out of the family, and place a bad stigma on the rest of the family members.Rank order is apply to identify the positions of each child within the family in terms of age and gender (Wright Leahy, 2009). The children of the G family include the two older boys E, age ten and J, age eight, and also the two younger girls, B, age six and A, age four. Mrs. G is the middle c hild, with an older brother and a younger sister, and Mr. G is the oldest of three children, with a younger brother and sister. At the present moment they are un certain if they would like to have more children.A subsystem is a group of members comprised of individuals linked together through a common association, such as gender, interest, or function (Wright Leahy, 2009). Mrs. Gs subsystem includes mother, wife, daughter, and sister. Mr. Gs subsystem includes father, husband, son, and brother. For the two boys, E and J, their subsystems include son, brother, and grandson. For the two girls, B and A, their subsystems include daughter, sister, and granddaughter. Mr. G admits that due to his work he has trouble balancing his many subsystems. His work requires him to travel across the country almost every week thus, he does not have passable time to spend being both a father and a husband. He feels as though he is always compromising time with someone, and he regrets this greatly bec ause he is missing important milestones with his children and not spending enough time with his wife however, because he is the sole provider he has to hold up this sacrifice in order to provide for his family.Boundaries serve to define and protect the family structure and system (Wright Leahy, 2009). From the study I gathered from the G family, I would describe their family boundaries as clear and permeable. Between husband and wife they mutually agree that they are not to have relationships with anybody else, and that conflicts must first try to be decided by themselves. If conflicts arise among the children, the parents have the final say. The G family is Christian, and are careful of whom they allow into their family circle, making sure that they have the same Christian values. This is not to say that they isolate themselves from anyone who is of a different religious setting on the contrary, they say that they befriend all who they meet to try to bring them to know God.Exte rnal StructureExtended family is very important to the G family. For Mrs. G, she is very open with her mother, and describes her as her best friend. Even though her mother is in India, they talk to each other on the phone every day. On the other hand, Mrs. G is not particularly close to her father. Although she loves her father deeply, she describes him as being overly religious. She says that it is very serious to talk to him because he looks at everything through the prism of religion and will often condemn her, even if she is just asking for a piece of advice. Mr. Gs family is much more laid back. He has an open relationship with both his parents and siblings, and is able to talk to them freely.Mr. Gs extended family of his parents and brother are going to be playing a more important role in their lives because the G family is mean to move to Houston, Texas in relation to Mr. Gs job, and both his parents and his brother already live there. While Mrs. G is happy that they are go ing to have close family nearby, she does not want to live in any case close to her in-laws because she says that they will tell her how to raise her children and she does not like that.Larger systems refer to social agencies within the community that the family is in frequent contact with (Wright Leahy, 2009). Mr. and Mrs. G say that the biggest and most important system in their family is their church. They are very active in the church by always planning and organizing activities. Furthermore, people in the church really look up to them as being a great example of a loving family. For the children, school is important and they are part of many extracurricular activities, such as diffused lessons, swimming, and basketball. Furthermore, Mrs. G attends a Zumba class everyday with some of her friends from the church.The next category in the Calgary Model is the developmental assessment. The G family is considered to be in stage three of the family life cycle, Families with young c hildren. In this stage, some changes that are required for the family to proceed developmentally include adjusting the marital system to make space for the children, joining in childrearing, financial, and household tasks, and realignment of relationships to include parenting and grandparenting roles (Wright Leahy, 2009). The G family admits that they still struggle at times to meet each others personal and emotional needs because the needs of the children are now their main priority. However, since the children are now getting older and are at an age where they are able to keep themselves preoccupied, Mr. and Mrs. G feel that they are able to spend more quality time with each other.According to the Framework of general Organization by Marie-Louise Friedmann the family is social system with the purpose of relating culture to its members (Bomar, 2009). Its elements include family stability, growth, control, and spirituality (Bomar, 2009). The G family provides for each of these ele ments within their family by enabling opportunities to learn about societal norms and behaviors, interacting with community resources, setting boundaries, and encouraging the self-importance growth of each member.After assessing the G family from a structural and developmental point of view, I can see that they are family that deeply care for and love each other unconditionally. They provide for each others physical and emotional needs, and make sacrifices when necessary for the betterment of the family. They acknowledge that they are not a perfect family and have many flaws, but they try to continuously learn from their experiences and seek ways to change their family life.

Argumentative Essay Essay Example for Free

Argumentative Essay EssayMalcolm X expressed the write up anger, frustration, and bitterness of African Americans during the major phase of the civil rights movement. According to Learning to Read, I accept it took me a day. Then, aloud, I teach back, to myself, everything Id written on the tablet. Over and over, aloud, to myself, I read my own handwriting. (Paragraph 8) This means that he basically read his own handwriting. In Malcolm Xs, Learning to Read, he enhanced his life with reading and comprehension by having to experience his black community being tough wrong and having to go to jail. According to Learning to Read, Many who today hear me somewhere in person, or on television, or those who read something Ive said, will think I went to school far beyond the eighth grade. This impression is due entirely to my prison studies. (Paragraph 3) This means that hes known for his famous speech. Either on television or someone who read something that he said. Malcolm X was impr isoned for a long time, and was studying while there. The qualities that he possessed while in prison were phenomenal and not worthy to the white people. But, he didnt become intelligent in jail for them he did it for his teammate black community.According to Learning to Read, It had really begun back in the Charlestown Prison, when Bimbi first made me feel enviousness of his stock of knowledge. (Paragraph 4) This really means that he really didnt start to read and comprehend until he met Bimbi. However, Bimbi was the first person he met in prison that didnt use slang language. It was a confusion to Malcolm, because he didnt know there would ever be anyone learning to read and comprehend like him in jail. On the other(a) hand, how did learning to read aid him to guess the struggle of African Americans in this country? From my understanding, I bank that it aided him by it freeing him physically in his mind. And, it aided him by leading black people in the civil rights movement .According to Learning to Read, In my slow, painstaking, ragged handwriting, I copied into my tablet everything printed on that first page, down to the punctuation marks. (Paragraph 7) This means that he basically was practicing his handwriting while, at the same time, reading the words and comprehending them. Also, how did it enable him to impress people of colors? In my opinion, I believe it enabled him by expanding his knowledge about blacks with the plight they were experiencing.To conclude, the central idea of the text was that reading and comprehension helped him understand the racism in the black community. Malcolm X was basically strong and opinionated. Also, he is ambitious and anxious to give the freedom for his people and for himself. The reason being was because to awaken black people or in other words, spark them.